Création du projet CO2

parent 6bae7e15
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"# Analyse du risque de défaillance des joints toriques de la navette Challenger"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Le 27 Janvier 1986, veille du décollage de la navette *Challenger*, eu\n",
"lieu une télé-conférence de trois heures entre les ingénieurs de la\n",
"Morton Thiokol (constructeur d'un des moteurs) et de la NASA. La\n",
"discussion portait principalement sur les conséquences de la\n",
"température prévue au moment du décollage de 31°F (juste en dessous de\n",
"0°C) sur le succès du vol et en particulier sur la performance des\n",
"joints toriques utilisés dans les moteurs. En effet, aucun test\n",
"n'avait été effectué à cette température.\n",
"\n",
"L'étude qui suit reprend donc une partie des analyses effectuées cette\n",
"nuit là et dont l'objectif était d'évaluer l'influence potentielle de\n",
"la température et de la pression à laquelle sont soumis les joints\n",
"toriques sur leur probabilité de dysfonctionnement. Pour cela, nous\n",
"disposons des résultats des expériences réalisées par les ingénieurs\n",
"de la NASA durant les 6 années précédant le lancement de la navette\n",
"Challenger.\n",
"\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Chargement des données\n",
"Nous commençons donc par charger ces données:"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 1,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
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" <thead>\n",
" <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
" <th></th>\n",
" <th>Date</th>\n",
" <th>Count</th>\n",
" <th>Temperature</th>\n",
" <th>Pressure</th>\n",
" <th>Malfunction</th>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </thead>\n",
" <tbody>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>0</th>\n",
" <td>4/12/81</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>66</td>\n",
" <td>50</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>1</th>\n",
" <td>11/12/81</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>70</td>\n",
" <td>50</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>2</th>\n",
" <td>3/22/82</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>69</td>\n",
" <td>50</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>3</th>\n",
" <td>11/11/82</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>68</td>\n",
" <td>50</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>4</th>\n",
" <td>4/04/83</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>67</td>\n",
" <td>50</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>5</th>\n",
" <td>6/18/82</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>72</td>\n",
" <td>50</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>6</th>\n",
" <td>8/30/83</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>73</td>\n",
" <td>100</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>7</th>\n",
" <td>11/28/83</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>70</td>\n",
" <td>100</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>8</th>\n",
" <td>2/03/84</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>57</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>9</th>\n",
" <td>4/06/84</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>63</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>10</th>\n",
" <td>8/30/84</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>70</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>11</th>\n",
" <td>10/05/84</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>78</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>12</th>\n",
" <td>11/08/84</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>67</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>13</th>\n",
" <td>1/24/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>53</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>14</th>\n",
" <td>4/12/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>67</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>15</th>\n",
" <td>4/29/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>75</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>16</th>\n",
" <td>6/17/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>70</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>17</th>\n",
" <td>7/29/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>81</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>18</th>\n",
" <td>8/27/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>76</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>19</th>\n",
" <td>10/03/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>79</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>20</th>\n",
" <td>10/30/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>75</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>21</th>\n",
" <td>11/26/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>76</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>22</th>\n",
" <td>1/12/86</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>58</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </tbody>\n",
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],
"text/plain": [
" Date Count Temperature Pressure Malfunction\n",
"0 4/12/81 6 66 50 0\n",
"1 11/12/81 6 70 50 1\n",
"2 3/22/82 6 69 50 0\n",
"3 11/11/82 6 68 50 0\n",
"4 4/04/83 6 67 50 0\n",
"5 6/18/82 6 72 50 0\n",
"6 8/30/83 6 73 100 0\n",
"7 11/28/83 6 70 100 0\n",
"8 2/03/84 6 57 200 1\n",
"9 4/06/84 6 63 200 1\n",
"10 8/30/84 6 70 200 1\n",
"11 10/05/84 6 78 200 0\n",
"12 11/08/84 6 67 200 0\n",
"13 1/24/85 6 53 200 2\n",
"14 4/12/85 6 67 200 0\n",
"15 4/29/85 6 75 200 0\n",
"16 6/17/85 6 70 200 0\n",
"17 7/29/85 6 81 200 0\n",
"18 8/27/85 6 76 200 0\n",
"19 10/03/85 6 79 200 0\n",
"20 10/30/85 6 75 200 2\n",
"21 11/26/85 6 76 200 0\n",
"22 1/12/86 6 58 200 1"
]
},
"execution_count": 1,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"import numpy as np\n",
"import pandas as pd\n",
"data = pd.read_csv(\"shuttle.csv\")\n",
"data"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Le jeu de données nous indique la date de l'essai, le nombre de joints\n",
"toriques mesurés (il y en a 6 sur le lançeur principal), la\n",
"température (en Farenheit) et la pression (en psi), et enfin le\n",
"nombre de dysfonctionnements relevés. "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Inspection graphique des données\n",
"Les vols où aucun incident n'est relevé n'apportant aucun information\n",
"sur l'influence de la température ou de la pression sur les\n",
"dysfonctionnements, nous nous concentrons sur les expériences où au\n",
"moins un joint a été défectueux.\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
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" <th>Temperature</th>\n",
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" <th>Malfunction</th>\n",
" </tr>\n",
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" <th>1</th>\n",
" <td>11/12/81</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
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" <td>1</td>\n",
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" <th>9</th>\n",
" <td>4/06/84</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>63</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>10</th>\n",
" <td>8/30/84</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>70</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>13</th>\n",
" <td>1/24/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>53</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
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" <th>20</th>\n",
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" <th>22</th>\n",
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"text/plain": [
" Date Count Temperature Pressure Malfunction\n",
"1 11/12/81 6 70 50 1\n",
"8 2/03/84 6 57 200 1\n",
"9 4/06/84 6 63 200 1\n",
"10 8/30/84 6 70 200 1\n",
"13 1/24/85 6 53 200 2\n",
"20 10/30/85 6 75 200 2\n",
"22 1/12/86 6 58 200 1"
]
},
"execution_count": 2,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"data = data[data.Malfunction>0]\n",
"data"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Très bien, nous avons une variabilité de température importante mais\n",
"la pression est quasiment toujours égale à 200, ce qui devrait\n",
"simplifier l'analyse.\n",
"\n",
"Comment la fréquence d'échecs varie-t-elle avec la température ?\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 3,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"image/png": 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\n",
"text/plain": [
"<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
]
},
"metadata": {
"needs_background": "light"
},
"output_type": "display_data"
}
],
"source": [
"%matplotlib inline\n",
"pd.set_option('mode.chained_assignment',None) # this removes a useless warning from pandas\n",
"import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
"\n",
"data[\"Frequency\"]=data.Malfunction/data.Count\n",
"data.plot(x=\"Temperature\",y=\"Frequency\",kind=\"scatter\",ylim=[0,1])\n",
"plt.grid(True)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"À première vue, ce n'est pas flagrant mais bon, essayons quand même\n",
"d'estimer l'impact de la température $t$ sur la probabilité de\n",
"dysfonctionnements d'un joint. \n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Estimation de l'influence de la température\n",
"\n",
"Supposons que chacun des 6 joints toriques est endommagé avec la même\n",
"probabilité et indépendamment des autres et que cette probabilité ne\n",
"dépend que de la température. Si on note $p(t)$ cette probabilité, le\n",
"nombre de joints $D$ dysfonctionnant lorsque l'on effectue le vol à\n",
"température $t$ suit une loi binomiale de paramètre $n=6$ et\n",
"$p=p(t)$. Pour relier $p(t)$ à $t$, on va donc effectuer une\n",
"régression logistique."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"<table class=\"simpletable\">\n",
"<caption>Generalized Linear Model Regression Results</caption>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Dep. Variable:</th> <td>Frequency</td> <th> No. Observations: </th> <td> 7</td> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Model:</th> <td>GLM</td> <th> Df Residuals: </th> <td> 5</td> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Model Family:</th> <td>Binomial</td> <th> Df Model: </th> <td> 1</td> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Link Function:</th> <td>logit</td> <th> Scale: </th> <td> 1.0000</td> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Method:</th> <td>IRLS</td> <th> Log-Likelihood: </th> <td> -2.5250</td> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Date:</th> <td>Sat, 13 Apr 2019</td> <th> Deviance: </th> <td> 0.22231</td> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Time:</th> <td>19:11:24</td> <th> Pearson chi2: </th> <td> 0.236</td> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>No. Iterations:</th> <td>4</td> <th> Covariance Type: </th> <td>nonrobust</td>\n",
"</tr>\n",
"</table>\n",
"<table class=\"simpletable\">\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <td></td> <th>coef</th> <th>std err</th> <th>z</th> <th>P>|z|</th> <th>[0.025</th> <th>0.975]</th> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Intercept</th> <td> -1.3895</td> <td> 7.828</td> <td> -0.178</td> <td> 0.859</td> <td> -16.732</td> <td> 13.953</td>\n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Temperature</th> <td> 0.0014</td> <td> 0.122</td> <td> 0.012</td> <td> 0.991</td> <td> -0.238</td> <td> 0.240</td>\n",
"</tr>\n",
"</table>"
],
"text/plain": [
"<class 'statsmodels.iolib.summary.Summary'>\n",
"\"\"\"\n",
" Generalized Linear Model Regression Results \n",
"==============================================================================\n",
"Dep. Variable: Frequency No. Observations: 7\n",
"Model: GLM Df Residuals: 5\n",
"Model Family: Binomial Df Model: 1\n",
"Link Function: logit Scale: 1.0000\n",
"Method: IRLS Log-Likelihood: -2.5250\n",
"Date: Sat, 13 Apr 2019 Deviance: 0.22231\n",
"Time: 19:11:24 Pearson chi2: 0.236\n",
"No. Iterations: 4 Covariance Type: nonrobust\n",
"===============================================================================\n",
" coef std err z P>|z| [0.025 0.975]\n",
"-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
"Intercept -1.3895 7.828 -0.178 0.859 -16.732 13.953\n",
"Temperature 0.0014 0.122 0.012 0.991 -0.238 0.240\n",
"===============================================================================\n",
"\"\"\""
]
},
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"import statsmodels.api as sm\n",
"\n",
"data[\"Success\"]=data.Count-data.Malfunction\n",
"data[\"Intercept\"]=1\n",
"\n",
"logmodel=sm.GLM(data['Frequency'], data[['Intercept','Temperature']], family=sm.families.Binomial(sm.families.links.logit)).fit()\n",
"\n",
"logmodel.summary()"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"L'estimateur le plus probable du paramètre de température est 0.0014\n",
"et l'erreur standard de cet estimateur est de 0.122, autrement dit on\n",
"ne peut pas distinguer d'impact particulier et il faut prendre nos\n",
"estimations avec des pincettes.\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Estimation de la probabilité de dysfonctionnant des joints toriques\n",
"La température prévue le jour du décollage est de 31°F. Essayons\n",
"d'estimer la probabilité de dysfonctionnement des joints toriques à\n",
"cette température à partir du modèle que nous venons de construire:\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 5,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"image/png": 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\n",
"text/plain": [
"<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
]
},
"metadata": {
"needs_background": "light"
},
"output_type": "display_data"
}
],
"source": [
"%matplotlib inline\n",
"data_pred = pd.DataFrame({'Temperature': np.linspace(start=30, stop=90, num=121), 'Intercept': 1})\n",
"data_pred['Frequency'] = logmodel.predict(data_pred[['Intercept','Temperature']])\n",
"data_pred.plot(x=\"Temperature\",y=\"Frequency\",kind=\"line\",ylim=[0,1])\n",
"plt.scatter(x=data[\"Temperature\"],y=data[\"Frequency\"])\n",
"plt.grid(True)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"hideCode": false,
"hidePrompt": false,
"scrolled": true
},
"source": [
"Comme on pouvait s'attendre au vu des données initiales, la\n",
"température n'a pas d'impact notable sur la probabilité d'échec des\n",
"joints toriques. Elle sera d'environ 0.2, comme dans les essais\n",
"précédents où nous il y a eu défaillance d'au moins un joint. Revenons\n",
"à l'ensemble des données initiales pour estimer la probabilité de\n",
"défaillance d'un joint:\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 6,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"0.06521739130434782\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"data = pd.read_csv(\"shuttle.csv\")\n",
"print(np.sum(data.Malfunction)/np.sum(data.Count))"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Cette probabilité est donc d'environ $p=0.065$, sachant qu'il existe\n",
"un joint primaire un joint secondaire sur chacune des trois parties du\n",
"lançeur, la probabilité de défaillance des deux joints d'un lançeur\n",
"est de $p^2 \\approx 0.00425$. La probabilité de défaillance d'un des\n",
"lançeur est donc de $1-(1-p^2)^3 \\approx 1.2%$. Ça serait vraiment\n",
"pas de chance... Tout est sous contrôle, le décollage peut donc avoir\n",
"lieu demain comme prévu.\n",
"\n",
"Seulement, le lendemain, la navette Challenger explosera et emportera\n",
"avec elle ses sept membres d'équipages. L'opinion publique est\n",
"fortement touchée et lors de l'enquête qui suivra, la fiabilité des\n",
"joints toriques sera directement mise en cause. Au delà des problèmes\n",
"de communication interne à la NASA qui sont pour beaucoup dans ce\n",
"fiasco, l'analyse précédente comporte (au moins) un petit\n",
"problème... Saurez-vous le trouver ? Vous êtes libre de modifier cette\n",
"analyse et de regarder ce jeu de données sous tous les angles afin\n",
"d'expliquer ce qui ne va pas."
]
}
],
"metadata": {
"celltoolbar": "Hide code",
"kernelspec": {
"display_name": "Python 3",
"language": "python",
"name": "python3"
},
"language_info": {
"codemirror_mode": {
"name": "ipython",
"version": 3
},
"file_extension": ".py",
"mimetype": "text/x-python",
"name": "python",
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{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"# Analyse du risque de défaillance des joints toriques de la navette Challenger"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Le 27 Janvier 1986, veille du décollage de la navette *Challenger*, eu\n",
"lieu une télé-conférence de trois heures entre les ingénieurs de la\n",
"Morton Thiokol (constructeur d'un des moteurs) et de la NASA. La\n",
"discussion portait principalement sur les conséquences de la\n",
"température prévue au moment du décollage de 31°F (juste en dessous de\n",
"0°C) sur le succès du vol et en particulier sur la performance des\n",
"joints toriques utilisés dans les moteurs. En effet, aucun test\n",
"n'avait été effectué à cette température.\n",
"\n",
"L'étude qui suit reprend donc une partie des analyses effectuées cette\n",
"nuit là et dont l'objectif était d'évaluer l'influence potentielle de\n",
"la température et de la pression à laquelle sont soumis les joints\n",
"toriques sur leur probabilité de dysfonctionnement. Pour cela, nous\n",
"disposons des résultats des expériences réalisées par les ingénieurs\n",
"de la NASA durant les 6 années précédant le lancement de la navette\n",
"Challenger.\n",
"\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Chargement des données\n",
"Nous commençons donc par charger ces données:"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 1,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
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" }\n",
"\n",
" .dataframe thead th {\n",
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" }\n",
"</style>\n",
"<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
" <thead>\n",
" <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
" <th></th>\n",
" <th>Date</th>\n",
" <th>Count</th>\n",
" <th>Temperature</th>\n",
" <th>Pressure</th>\n",
" <th>Malfunction</th>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </thead>\n",
" <tbody>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>0</th>\n",
" <td>4/12/81</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>66</td>\n",
" <td>50</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>1</th>\n",
" <td>11/12/81</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>70</td>\n",
" <td>50</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>2</th>\n",
" <td>3/22/82</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>69</td>\n",
" <td>50</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>3</th>\n",
" <td>11/11/82</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>68</td>\n",
" <td>50</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>4</th>\n",
" <td>4/04/83</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>67</td>\n",
" <td>50</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>5</th>\n",
" <td>6/18/82</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>72</td>\n",
" <td>50</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>6</th>\n",
" <td>8/30/83</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>73</td>\n",
" <td>100</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>7</th>\n",
" <td>11/28/83</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>70</td>\n",
" <td>100</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>8</th>\n",
" <td>2/03/84</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>57</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>9</th>\n",
" <td>4/06/84</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>63</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>10</th>\n",
" <td>8/30/84</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>70</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>11</th>\n",
" <td>10/05/84</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>78</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>12</th>\n",
" <td>11/08/84</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>67</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>13</th>\n",
" <td>1/24/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>53</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>14</th>\n",
" <td>4/12/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>67</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>15</th>\n",
" <td>4/29/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>75</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>16</th>\n",
" <td>6/17/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>70</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>17</th>\n",
" <td>7/29/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>81</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>18</th>\n",
" <td>8/27/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>76</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>19</th>\n",
" <td>10/03/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>79</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>20</th>\n",
" <td>10/30/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>75</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>21</th>\n",
" <td>11/26/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>76</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>0</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>22</th>\n",
" <td>1/12/86</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>58</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </tbody>\n",
"</table>\n",
"</div>"
],
"text/plain": [
" Date Count Temperature Pressure Malfunction\n",
"0 4/12/81 6 66 50 0\n",
"1 11/12/81 6 70 50 1\n",
"2 3/22/82 6 69 50 0\n",
"3 11/11/82 6 68 50 0\n",
"4 4/04/83 6 67 50 0\n",
"5 6/18/82 6 72 50 0\n",
"6 8/30/83 6 73 100 0\n",
"7 11/28/83 6 70 100 0\n",
"8 2/03/84 6 57 200 1\n",
"9 4/06/84 6 63 200 1\n",
"10 8/30/84 6 70 200 1\n",
"11 10/05/84 6 78 200 0\n",
"12 11/08/84 6 67 200 0\n",
"13 1/24/85 6 53 200 2\n",
"14 4/12/85 6 67 200 0\n",
"15 4/29/85 6 75 200 0\n",
"16 6/17/85 6 70 200 0\n",
"17 7/29/85 6 81 200 0\n",
"18 8/27/85 6 76 200 0\n",
"19 10/03/85 6 79 200 0\n",
"20 10/30/85 6 75 200 2\n",
"21 11/26/85 6 76 200 0\n",
"22 1/12/86 6 58 200 1"
]
},
"execution_count": 1,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"import numpy as np\n",
"import pandas as pd\n",
"data = pd.read_csv(\"shuttle.csv\")\n",
"data"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Le jeu de données nous indique la date de l'essai, le nombre de joints\n",
"toriques mesurés (il y en a 6 sur le lançeur principal), la\n",
"température (en Farenheit) et la pression (en psi), et enfin le\n",
"nombre de dysfonctionnements relevés. "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Inspection graphique des données\n",
"Les vols où aucun incident n'est relevé n'apportant aucun information\n",
"sur l'influence de la température ou de la pression sur les\n",
"dysfonctionnements, nous nous concentrons sur les expériences où au\n",
"moins un joint a été défectueux.\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"<div>\n",
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" }\n",
"\n",
" .dataframe thead th {\n",
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"</style>\n",
"<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
" <thead>\n",
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" <th></th>\n",
" <th>Date</th>\n",
" <th>Count</th>\n",
" <th>Temperature</th>\n",
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" <th>Malfunction</th>\n",
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" <th>1</th>\n",
" <td>11/12/81</td>\n",
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" <tr>\n",
" <th>9</th>\n",
" <td>4/06/84</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>63</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>10</th>\n",
" <td>8/30/84</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>70</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>1</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>13</th>\n",
" <td>1/24/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>53</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>20</th>\n",
" <td>10/30/85</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
" <td>75</td>\n",
" <td>200</td>\n",
" <td>2</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>22</th>\n",
" <td>1/12/86</td>\n",
" <td>6</td>\n",
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],
"text/plain": [
" Date Count Temperature Pressure Malfunction\n",
"1 11/12/81 6 70 50 1\n",
"8 2/03/84 6 57 200 1\n",
"9 4/06/84 6 63 200 1\n",
"10 8/30/84 6 70 200 1\n",
"13 1/24/85 6 53 200 2\n",
"20 10/30/85 6 75 200 2\n",
"22 1/12/86 6 58 200 1"
]
},
"execution_count": 2,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"data = data[data.Malfunction>0]\n",
"data"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Très bien, nous avons une variabilité de température importante mais\n",
"la pression est quasiment toujours égale à 200, ce qui devrait\n",
"simplifier l'analyse.\n",
"\n",
"Comment la fréquence d'échecs varie-t-elle avec la température ?\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 3,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"image/png": 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\n",
"text/plain": [
"<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
]
},
"metadata": {
"needs_background": "light"
},
"output_type": "display_data"
}
],
"source": [
"%matplotlib inline\n",
"pd.set_option('mode.chained_assignment',None) # this removes a useless warning from pandas\n",
"import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
"\n",
"data[\"Frequency\"]=data.Malfunction/data.Count\n",
"data.plot(x=\"Temperature\",y=\"Frequency\",kind=\"scatter\",ylim=[0,1])\n",
"plt.grid(True)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"À première vue, ce n'est pas flagrant mais bon, essayons quand même\n",
"d'estimer l'impact de la température $t$ sur la probabilité de\n",
"dysfonctionnements d'un joint. \n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Estimation de l'influence de la température\n",
"\n",
"Supposons que chacun des 6 joints toriques est endommagé avec la même\n",
"probabilité et indépendamment des autres et que cette probabilité ne\n",
"dépend que de la température. Si on note $p(t)$ cette probabilité, le\n",
"nombre de joints $D$ dysfonctionnant lorsque l'on effectue le vol à\n",
"température $t$ suit une loi binomiale de paramètre $n=6$ et\n",
"$p=p(t)$. Pour relier $p(t)$ à $t$, on va donc effectuer une\n",
"régression logistique."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"<table class=\"simpletable\">\n",
"<caption>Generalized Linear Model Regression Results</caption>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Dep. Variable:</th> <td>Frequency</td> <th> No. Observations: </th> <td> 7</td> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Model:</th> <td>GLM</td> <th> Df Residuals: </th> <td> 5</td> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Model Family:</th> <td>Binomial</td> <th> Df Model: </th> <td> 1</td> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Link Function:</th> <td>logit</td> <th> Scale: </th> <td> 1.0000</td> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Method:</th> <td>IRLS</td> <th> Log-Likelihood: </th> <td> -2.5250</td> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Date:</th> <td>Sat, 13 Apr 2019</td> <th> Deviance: </th> <td> 0.22231</td> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Time:</th> <td>19:11:24</td> <th> Pearson chi2: </th> <td> 0.236</td> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>No. Iterations:</th> <td>4</td> <th> Covariance Type: </th> <td>nonrobust</td>\n",
"</tr>\n",
"</table>\n",
"<table class=\"simpletable\">\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <td></td> <th>coef</th> <th>std err</th> <th>z</th> <th>P>|z|</th> <th>[0.025</th> <th>0.975]</th> \n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Intercept</th> <td> -1.3895</td> <td> 7.828</td> <td> -0.178</td> <td> 0.859</td> <td> -16.732</td> <td> 13.953</td>\n",
"</tr>\n",
"<tr>\n",
" <th>Temperature</th> <td> 0.0014</td> <td> 0.122</td> <td> 0.012</td> <td> 0.991</td> <td> -0.238</td> <td> 0.240</td>\n",
"</tr>\n",
"</table>"
],
"text/plain": [
"<class 'statsmodels.iolib.summary.Summary'>\n",
"\"\"\"\n",
" Generalized Linear Model Regression Results \n",
"==============================================================================\n",
"Dep. Variable: Frequency No. Observations: 7\n",
"Model: GLM Df Residuals: 5\n",
"Model Family: Binomial Df Model: 1\n",
"Link Function: logit Scale: 1.0000\n",
"Method: IRLS Log-Likelihood: -2.5250\n",
"Date: Sat, 13 Apr 2019 Deviance: 0.22231\n",
"Time: 19:11:24 Pearson chi2: 0.236\n",
"No. Iterations: 4 Covariance Type: nonrobust\n",
"===============================================================================\n",
" coef std err z P>|z| [0.025 0.975]\n",
"-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
"Intercept -1.3895 7.828 -0.178 0.859 -16.732 13.953\n",
"Temperature 0.0014 0.122 0.012 0.991 -0.238 0.240\n",
"===============================================================================\n",
"\"\"\""
]
},
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"import statsmodels.api as sm\n",
"\n",
"data[\"Success\"]=data.Count-data.Malfunction\n",
"data[\"Intercept\"]=1\n",
"\n",
"logmodel=sm.GLM(data['Frequency'], data[['Intercept','Temperature']], family=sm.families.Binomial(sm.families.links.logit)).fit()\n",
"\n",
"logmodel.summary()"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"L'estimateur le plus probable du paramètre de température est 0.0014\n",
"et l'erreur standard de cet estimateur est de 0.122, autrement dit on\n",
"ne peut pas distinguer d'impact particulier et il faut prendre nos\n",
"estimations avec des pincettes.\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Estimation de la probabilité de dysfonctionnant des joints toriques\n",
"La température prévue le jour du décollage est de 31°F. Essayons\n",
"d'estimer la probabilité de dysfonctionnement des joints toriques à\n",
"cette température à partir du modèle que nous venons de construire:\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 5,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"image/png": 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5KgqSDz7YzSHPPLnf9RSHS1tfE2awbHy57KYS1ErUSNTUQI1ErYQENTUdt0WNoLZmb7u9j8nuqylaRo0K5teI2hoxvOPxUr4sAFFbky1b+bq7PK5omWv68HSUFfSSLgC+B9QCd0fEXxbd/3VgPtAKvAH8SUT8qg/19Nk+r/qljgAKjhpKvcruEzzFO0vnEUL2uP0dtaz/TSvvvbRjnzCIotvdBl3Rq3rbfu7b35HBPvOLQ6rLkcq+Ry7dHYE1N3/AyFVPdd7X2ZcSwVNYb9fneyD/Qnpp3UsH9PDC8FBhQOThURwEtTXZziyU7/D7Pr62RojC8MkeO6y2hkOG7Q2cjmDqWEbn8vL17vztbzn6qCP3CaWOdvvczutUPr+wPqlrqGX9UNewLFFDTan11AhREKI1RcuVgL3PRZdw7QjfGvHsM88we/YZBbUL1RQ9FwXPrfLlVotb+vCYHoNeUi1wB3Ae0ASskrQsIjYWNFsDnBoRH0j6r8BfAVfsb7nbm9s596//uXQQlArtff716Ro8Q9Lavrz2ltbxh93lFb9oR+g86ug4AqnpLmz2hkoWGnuPHrJ1lA6O2jwUJHizpoWjfv/wLjt58Tpqa9Sl9pJHPwV9KWyX9TN7LHmfawtrrum6jNqa7LkR+4ZNjYAuobdvUBTWvnrV85x+2qx9gqXrkV/R9ig6EhzK4dHY2EhDw8mDXUa/+djIGj4+ZuRglzGklHNEPxPYGhGvAkh6ELgY6Az6iHiqoP2zwBd6WujwGlH/e2M6d8CSQdBNKOzdWfNQoGvoFR/xFP6bpOLbRUc1xUddxQGyN/T2hlvx0UiNxIurVzNr1oyCYN7fkR37HAWpKJiGmiwspg12Gf2iaXQNnxg3erDLMKuYcoJ+AvB6wXQTMGs/7b8E/GOpOyQtABYAjB8/nssmvFdmmX0Q+U8FteU/5RirD2ja+EJlCxhCmpubaWxsHOwy+kXKfQP372BUTtCXOpwsGaGSvgCcCvxhqfsjYjGwGKC+vj4aGhrKq7IKZUe8DYNdRr9JuX8p9w3cv4NROUHfBBxTMD0R2FHcSNK5wP8E/jAiPqxMeWZmdqDK+cDUKmCKpMmSRgBXAssKG0iaBtwFzI2InZUv08zM+qrHoI+IVuBaYAWwCVgSERsk3Sxpbt5sEXAo8BNJayUt62ZxZmY2wMq6jj4ilgPLi+Z9q+D2uRWuy6zXlq7ZzqIVm9nxTgtHH17Hwjn1APvMu2TahAGtoT/X1xvfXLqeB557na+dsIcv3bCcebOO4ZZLThzssmwA+JOxloSla7ZzwyPradmTXRe1/Z0WFv7kJRDsaYvOeTc8sh6gX8K3VA39ub7e+ObS9fzw2dc6p9siOqcd9unzoGaWhEUrNncGbIc97dEZ8h1a9rSxaMXmAauhP9fXGw8893qv5ltaHPSWhB3vtPRL20rU0F/r6422bsab6G6+pcVBb0k4+vC6fmlbiRr6a329UdvNp6u7m29pcdBbEhbOqadueG2XecNrxPDarkFWN7y2803agaihP9fXG/NmHdOr+ZYWvxlrSeh4s3Mwr7rprobBfiMW9r7h2nFOvlbyVTcHEQe9JeOSaRNKhupABm13NQwFt1xyIrdcciKNjY3821UNg12ODSCfujEzS5yD3swscQ56M7PEOejNzBLnoDczS5yD3swscQ56M7PEOejNzBLnoDczS5yD3swscQ56M7PEOejNzBLnoDczS5yD3swscQ56M7PEOejNzBLnoDczS5yD3swscQ56M7PEOejNzBLnoDczS5yD3swscQ56M7PEOejNzBLnoDczS5yD3swscQ56M7PEOejNzBJXVtBLukDSZklbJX2jxP2HSHoov/85SZMqXaiZmfVNj0EvqRa4A7gQOB6YJ+n4omZfAt6OiH8HfBf4X5Uu1MzM+qacI/qZwNaIeDUiPgIeBC4uanMx8A/57YeBz0hS5co0M7O+GlZGmwnA6wXTTcCs7tpERKukd4FxwJuFjSQtABbkkx9KerkvRVeJIynqf2JS7l/KfQP3r9rV9/YB5QR9qSPz6EMbImIxsBhA0uqIOLWM9Vcl9696pdw3cP+qnaTVvX1MOadumoBjCqYnAju6ayNpGDAW+F1vizEzs8orJ+hXAVMkTZY0ArgSWFbUZhnwx/ntS4F/ioh9jujNzGzg9XjqJj/nfi2wAqgF7o2IDZJuBlZHxDLgHuB+SVvJjuSvLGPdiw+g7mrg/lWvlPsG7l+163X/5ANvM7O0+ZOxZmaJc9CbmSVuQIJe0khJz0t6SdIGSd/O50/Oh0zYkg+hMGIg6ukPkmolrZH0s3w6pb5tk7Re0tqOS7skHSHp8bx/j0v62GDX2VeSDpf0sKT/J2mTpNNT6Z+k+ny7dfy8J+lrCfXvv+WZ8rKkB/KsSWnf+/O8bxskfS2f1+ttN1BH9B8C50TEycBU4AJJp5ENlfDdiJgCvE02lEK1+nNgU8F0Sn0DODsiphZcn/wN4Mm8f0/m09Xqe8DPI+I44GSy7ZhE/yJic77dpgKnAB8Aj5JA/yRNAK4DTo2IE8guFrmSRPY9SScAXyYbneBk4HOSptCXbRcRA/oDjAJeJPt07ZvAsHz+6cCKga6nQn2amD/h5wA/I/sAWRJ9y+vfBhxZNG8zcFR++yhg82DX2ce+HQb8kvzChNT6V9Sn84GnU+kfez+RfwTZFYQ/A+aksu8BlwF3F0z/BfA/+rLtBuwcfX5qYy2wE3gc+DfgnYhozZs0kW24anQ72QZoz6fHkU7fIPuU80pJL+TDWAD8XkT8GiD//fFBq+7AfBJ4A/j7/NTb3ZJGk07/Cl0JPJDfrvr+RcR24DbgNeDXwLvAC6Sz770MnCVpnKRRwGfJPpja6203YEEfEW2R/fs4kexfkU+XajZQ9VSKpM8BOyPihcLZJZpWXd8KzI6I6WQjmP6ZpLMGu6AKGgZMB+6MiGnA+1ThaYye5Oep5wI/GexaKiU/N30xMBk4GhhN9jdarCr3vYjYRHYa6nHg58BLQOt+H9SNAb/qJiLeARqB04DD8yEToPTQCtVgNjBX0jaykT3PITvCT6FvAETEjvz3TrLzuzOB30o6CiD/vXPwKjwgTUBTRDyXTz9MFvyp9K/DhcCLEfHbfDqF/p0L/DIi3oiIPcAjwBmkte/dExHTI+Issg+jbqEP226grroZL+nw/HYd2QbaBDxFNmQCZEMoPDYQ9VRSRNwQERMjYhLZv8b/FBFXkUDfACSNljSm4zbZed6X6TrsRdX2LyJ+A7wuqWNEwM8AG0mkfwXmsfe0DaTRv9eA0ySNyodF79h2Sex7AJI+nv8+FviPZNuw19tuQD4ZK+kksvHqa8leXJZExM2SPkl2FHwEsAb4QkR82O8F9RNJDcD1EfG5VPqW9+PRfHIY8OOIuFXSOGAJcCzZDndZRFTlQHaSpgJ3AyOAV4Evkv+dkkb/RpG9afnJiHg3n5fE9ssv1b6C7JTGGmA+2Tn5qt/3ACT9C9l7fnuAr0fEk33Zdh4Cwcwscf5krJlZ4hz0ZmaJc9CbmSXOQW9mljgHvZlZ4sr5cnCzAZVfPvZkPvn7QBvZMAUAMyPio0EpbD8k/QmwPL8u32xI8eWVNqRJuglojojbhkAttRHR1s19/wpcGxFre7G8YQVjspj1G5+6saoi6Y+VfbfBWkl/I6lG0jBJ70haJOlFSSskzZL0z5JelfTZ/LHzJT2a379Z0jfLXO4tkp4HZkr6tqRV+Rjhf6vMFWTDbz+UP36EpKaCT4OfJumJ/PYtku6S9DjZQGrDJP11vu51kuYP/LNqqXPQW9XIx+f+PHBGPkDeMPZ+Ef1YYGU++NpHwE1kH4m/DLi5YDEz88dMB/6zpKllLPfFiJgZEc8A34uIGcCJ+X0XRMRDwFrgisjGfu/p1NI04KKI+CNgAdmgeDOBGWSDxh3bl+fHrDs+R2/V5FyyMFydDW1CHdlH+wFaIuLx/PZ64N2IaJW0HphUsIwVEfE2gKSlwH8g2w+6W+5H7B0CAuAzkhYCI4EjyYbF/cde9uOxiNid3z4f+LSkwheWKWQfbTerCAe9VRMB90bEX3SZmY1UWHgU3U72rWYdtwv/zovflIoeltsS+RtZ+Zgx/xeYHhHbJd1CFviltLL3P+biNu8X9elPI+JJzPqJT91YNXkCuFzSkZBdndOH0xznK/uO2FFkY5k/3Yvl1pG9cLyZj+j5nwru2wWMKZjeRvbVfRS1K7YC+NOOYXWVfcdrXS/7ZLZfPqK3qhER6/PRCp+QVEM2ot9/oXfjjf8r8GPgD4D7O66SKWe5EfGWpH8gG6b5V8BzBXf/PXC3pBay9wFuAv5O0m+A5/dTz11koxCuzU8b7SR7ATKrGF9eaQeN/IqWEyLia4Ndi9lA8qkbM7PE+YjezCxxPqI3M0ucg97MLHEOejOzxDnozcwS56A3M0vc/wcowwoTqhaBUgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
"text/plain": [
"<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
]
},
"metadata": {
"needs_background": "light"
},
"output_type": "display_data"
}
],
"source": [
"%matplotlib inline\n",
"data_pred = pd.DataFrame({'Temperature': np.linspace(start=30, stop=90, num=121), 'Intercept': 1})\n",
"data_pred['Frequency'] = logmodel.predict(data_pred[['Intercept','Temperature']])\n",
"data_pred.plot(x=\"Temperature\",y=\"Frequency\",kind=\"line\",ylim=[0,1])\n",
"plt.scatter(x=data[\"Temperature\"],y=data[\"Frequency\"])\n",
"plt.grid(True)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"hideCode": false,
"hidePrompt": false,
"scrolled": true
},
"source": [
"Comme on pouvait s'attendre au vu des données initiales, la\n",
"température n'a pas d'impact notable sur la probabilité d'échec des\n",
"joints toriques. Elle sera d'environ 0.2, comme dans les essais\n",
"précédents où nous il y a eu défaillance d'au moins un joint. Revenons\n",
"à l'ensemble des données initiales pour estimer la probabilité de\n",
"défaillance d'un joint:\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 6,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"0.06521739130434782\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"data = pd.read_csv(\"shuttle.csv\")\n",
"print(np.sum(data.Malfunction)/np.sum(data.Count))"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Cette probabilité est donc d'environ $p=0.065$, sachant qu'il existe\n",
"un joint primaire un joint secondaire sur chacune des trois parties du\n",
"lançeur, la probabilité de défaillance des deux joints d'un lançeur\n",
"est de $p^2 \\approx 0.00425$. La probabilité de défaillance d'un des\n",
"lançeur est donc de $1-(1-p^2)^3 \\approx 1.2%$. Ça serait vraiment\n",
"pas de chance... Tout est sous contrôle, le décollage peut donc avoir\n",
"lieu demain comme prévu.\n",
"\n",
"Seulement, le lendemain, la navette Challenger explosera et emportera\n",
"avec elle ses sept membres d'équipages. L'opinion publique est\n",
"fortement touchée et lors de l'enquête qui suivra, la fiabilité des\n",
"joints toriques sera directement mise en cause. Au delà des problèmes\n",
"de communication interne à la NASA qui sont pour beaucoup dans ce\n",
"fiasco, l'analyse précédente comporte (au moins) un petit\n",
"problème... Saurez-vous le trouver ? Vous êtes libre de modifier cette\n",
"analyse et de regarder ce jeu de données sous tous les angles afin\n",
"d'expliquer ce qui ne va pas."
]
}
],
"metadata": {
"celltoolbar": "Hide code",
"kernelspec": {
"display_name": "Python 3",
"language": "python",
"name": "python3"
},
"language_info": {
"codemirror_mode": {
"name": "ipython",
"version": 3
},
"file_extension": ".py",
"mimetype": "text/x-python",
"name": "python",
"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
"version": "3.6.4"
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},
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}
...@@ -705,7 +705,7 @@ ...@@ -705,7 +705,7 @@
"name": "python", "name": "python",
"nbconvert_exporter": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
"version": "3.7.3" "version": "3.6.4"
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}, },
"nbformat": 4, "nbformat": 4,
......
{ {
"cells": [], "cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"# <center>Concentration de CO2 dans l'atmosphère depuis 1958<center>"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## <center>Rémy MARION<center>"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## <center>Avril 2020<center>"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### 1. Préambule"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Dès 1958, Charles David Keeling a débuté la mesure précise du taux de CO2 dans l'atmosphère à l'observatoire de Mauna Loa, Hawaii, États-Unis.\n",
"Ces mesures, qui continuent aujourd'hui, ont permis de montrer une évolution tout au long de l'année du taux de CO2 dans l'hémisphère Nord. Celle-ci étant provenant du cycle de vie des plantes.\n",
"De même, ces données ont montrés une évolution continue du taux de CO2 dans l'atmosphère depuis 1958."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### 2. Travail à faire"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Le but de l'exercide est de réaliser un document computationnel pour :\n",
"* Réalisez un graphique qui vous montrera une oscillation périodique superposée à une évolution systématique plus lente.\n",
"* Séparez ces deux phénomènes. Caractérisez l'oscillation périodique. Proposez un modèle simple de la contribution lente, estimez ses paramètres et tentez une extrapolation jusqu'à 2025 (dans le but de pouvoir valider le modèle par des observations futures).\n",
"* Déposer dans FUN votre résultat."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### 2. Données"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Les données sont disponibles sur le site Web de l'institut Scripps à l'adresse suivante :\n",
"\n",
"https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/data/atmospheric_co2/primary_mlo_co2_record.html\n",
"\n",
"Cette base de données est mise à jour régulièrement.\n",
"\n",
"Nous travaillerons sur une base locale (copiée sur le serveur Jupyter de l'INRIA) téléchargée le 12 avril 2020.\n",
"La totalité des documents nécessaires à cette étude seront committés sur le serveur GitLab de l'INRIA."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### 3. Exploration des données"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Nous commencerons par analyser le contenu du fichier de données (fichier structuré CSV) pour ensuite faire un premier tracé de l'ensemble de la base de données.\n",
"\n",
"Nous utiliserons les libraries *pandas* et *matplotlib* pour *python 3.6*."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 6,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"# Import des librairies\n",
"import pandas as pd\n",
"import matplotlib as plt"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 7,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"<div>\n",
"<style scoped>\n",
" .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
" vertical-align: middle;\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
" vertical-align: top;\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
" .dataframe thead th {\n",
" text-align: right;\n",
" }\n",
"</style>\n",
"<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
" <thead>\n",
" <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
" <th></th>\n",
" <th>Yr</th>\n",
" <th>Mn</th>\n",
" <th>Date</th>\n",
" <th>Date</th>\n",
" <th>CO2</th>\n",
" <th>seasonally</th>\n",
" <th>fit</th>\n",
" <th>seasonally</th>\n",
" <th>CO2</th>\n",
" <th>seasonally</th>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </thead>\n",
" <tbody>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>0</th>\n",
" <td></td>\n",
" <td></td>\n",
" <td></td>\n",
" <td></td>\n",
" <td></td>\n",
" <td>adjusted</td>\n",
" <td></td>\n",
" <td>adjusted fit</td>\n",
" <td>filled</td>\n",
" <td>adjusted filled</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>1</th>\n",
" <td></td>\n",
" <td></td>\n",
" <td>Excel</td>\n",
" <td></td>\n",
" <td>[ppm]</td>\n",
" <td>[ppm]</td>\n",
" <td>[ppm]</td>\n",
" <td>[ppm]</td>\n",
" <td>[ppm]</td>\n",
" <td>[ppm]</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>2</th>\n",
" <td>1958</td>\n",
" <td>01</td>\n",
" <td>21200</td>\n",
" <td>1958.0411</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>3</th>\n",
" <td>1958</td>\n",
" <td>02</td>\n",
" <td>21231</td>\n",
" <td>1958.1260</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>4</th>\n",
" <td>1958</td>\n",
" <td>03</td>\n",
" <td>21259</td>\n",
" <td>1958.2027</td>\n",
" <td>315.70</td>\n",
" <td>314.44</td>\n",
" <td>316.19</td>\n",
" <td>314.91</td>\n",
" <td>315.70</td>\n",
" <td>314.44</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>5</th>\n",
" <td>1958</td>\n",
" <td>04</td>\n",
" <td>21290</td>\n",
" <td>1958.2877</td>\n",
" <td>317.45</td>\n",
" <td>315.16</td>\n",
" <td>317.30</td>\n",
" <td>314.99</td>\n",
" <td>317.45</td>\n",
" <td>315.16</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>6</th>\n",
" <td>1958</td>\n",
" <td>05</td>\n",
" <td>21320</td>\n",
" <td>1958.3699</td>\n",
" <td>317.51</td>\n",
" <td>314.71</td>\n",
" <td>317.86</td>\n",
" <td>315.06</td>\n",
" <td>317.51</td>\n",
" <td>314.71</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>7</th>\n",
" <td>1958</td>\n",
" <td>06</td>\n",
" <td>21351</td>\n",
" <td>1958.4548</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>317.24</td>\n",
" <td>315.14</td>\n",
" <td>317.24</td>\n",
" <td>315.14</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>8</th>\n",
" <td>1958</td>\n",
" <td>07</td>\n",
" <td>21381</td>\n",
" <td>1958.5370</td>\n",
" <td>315.86</td>\n",
" <td>315.19</td>\n",
" <td>315.86</td>\n",
" <td>315.22</td>\n",
" <td>315.86</td>\n",
" <td>315.19</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>9</th>\n",
" <td>1958</td>\n",
" <td>08</td>\n",
" <td>21412</td>\n",
" <td>1958.6219</td>\n",
" <td>314.93</td>\n",
" <td>316.19</td>\n",
" <td>314.00</td>\n",
" <td>315.29</td>\n",
" <td>314.93</td>\n",
" <td>316.19</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>10</th>\n",
" <td>1958</td>\n",
" <td>09</td>\n",
" <td>21443</td>\n",
" <td>1958.7068</td>\n",
" <td>313.21</td>\n",
" <td>316.08</td>\n",
" <td>312.46</td>\n",
" <td>315.35</td>\n",
" <td>313.21</td>\n",
" <td>316.08</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>11</th>\n",
" <td>1958</td>\n",
" <td>10</td>\n",
" <td>21473</td>\n",
" <td>1958.7890</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>312.44</td>\n",
" <td>315.40</td>\n",
" <td>312.44</td>\n",
" <td>315.40</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>12</th>\n",
" <td>1958</td>\n",
" <td>11</td>\n",
" <td>21504</td>\n",
" <td>1958.8740</td>\n",
" <td>313.33</td>\n",
" <td>315.20</td>\n",
" <td>313.62</td>\n",
" <td>315.46</td>\n",
" <td>313.33</td>\n",
" <td>315.20</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>13</th>\n",
" <td>1958</td>\n",
" <td>12</td>\n",
" <td>21534</td>\n",
" <td>1958.9562</td>\n",
" <td>314.67</td>\n",
" <td>315.43</td>\n",
" <td>314.77</td>\n",
" <td>315.51</td>\n",
" <td>314.67</td>\n",
" <td>315.43</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>14</th>\n",
" <td>1959</td>\n",
" <td>01</td>\n",
" <td>21565</td>\n",
" <td>1959.0411</td>\n",
" <td>315.58</td>\n",
" <td>315.54</td>\n",
" <td>315.62</td>\n",
" <td>315.57</td>\n",
" <td>315.58</td>\n",
" <td>315.54</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>15</th>\n",
" <td>1959</td>\n",
" <td>02</td>\n",
" <td>21596</td>\n",
" <td>1959.1260</td>\n",
" <td>316.49</td>\n",
" <td>315.86</td>\n",
" <td>316.27</td>\n",
" <td>315.63</td>\n",
" <td>316.49</td>\n",
" <td>315.86</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>16</th>\n",
" <td>1959</td>\n",
" <td>03</td>\n",
" <td>21624</td>\n",
" <td>1959.2027</td>\n",
" <td>316.65</td>\n",
" <td>315.38</td>\n",
" <td>316.98</td>\n",
" <td>315.69</td>\n",
" <td>316.65</td>\n",
" <td>315.38</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>17</th>\n",
" <td>1959</td>\n",
" <td>04</td>\n",
" <td>21655</td>\n",
" <td>1959.2877</td>\n",
" <td>317.72</td>\n",
" <td>315.42</td>\n",
" <td>318.09</td>\n",
" <td>315.77</td>\n",
" <td>317.72</td>\n",
" <td>315.42</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>18</th>\n",
" <td>1959</td>\n",
" <td>05</td>\n",
" <td>21685</td>\n",
" <td>1959.3699</td>\n",
" <td>318.29</td>\n",
" <td>315.49</td>\n",
" <td>318.65</td>\n",
" <td>315.85</td>\n",
" <td>318.29</td>\n",
" <td>315.49</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>19</th>\n",
" <td>1959</td>\n",
" <td>06</td>\n",
" <td>21716</td>\n",
" <td>1959.4548</td>\n",
" <td>318.15</td>\n",
" <td>316.03</td>\n",
" <td>318.04</td>\n",
" <td>315.94</td>\n",
" <td>318.15</td>\n",
" <td>316.03</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>20</th>\n",
" <td>1959</td>\n",
" <td>07</td>\n",
" <td>21746</td>\n",
" <td>1959.5370</td>\n",
" <td>316.54</td>\n",
" <td>315.86</td>\n",
" <td>316.67</td>\n",
" <td>316.03</td>\n",
" <td>316.54</td>\n",
" <td>315.86</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>21</th>\n",
" <td>1959</td>\n",
" <td>08</td>\n",
" <td>21777</td>\n",
" <td>1959.6219</td>\n",
" <td>314.80</td>\n",
" <td>316.06</td>\n",
" <td>314.83</td>\n",
" <td>316.12</td>\n",
" <td>314.80</td>\n",
" <td>316.06</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>22</th>\n",
" <td>1959</td>\n",
" <td>09</td>\n",
" <td>21808</td>\n",
" <td>1959.7068</td>\n",
" <td>313.84</td>\n",
" <td>316.72</td>\n",
" <td>313.32</td>\n",
" <td>316.22</td>\n",
" <td>313.84</td>\n",
" <td>316.72</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>23</th>\n",
" <td>1959</td>\n",
" <td>10</td>\n",
" <td>21838</td>\n",
" <td>1959.7890</td>\n",
" <td>313.33</td>\n",
" <td>316.32</td>\n",
" <td>313.33</td>\n",
" <td>316.30</td>\n",
" <td>313.33</td>\n",
" <td>316.32</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>24</th>\n",
" <td>1959</td>\n",
" <td>11</td>\n",
" <td>21869</td>\n",
" <td>1959.8740</td>\n",
" <td>314.81</td>\n",
" <td>316.68</td>\n",
" <td>314.54</td>\n",
" <td>316.39</td>\n",
" <td>314.81</td>\n",
" <td>316.68</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>25</th>\n",
" <td>1959</td>\n",
" <td>12</td>\n",
" <td>21899</td>\n",
" <td>1959.9562</td>\n",
" <td>315.58</td>\n",
" <td>316.35</td>\n",
" <td>315.72</td>\n",
" <td>316.47</td>\n",
" <td>315.58</td>\n",
" <td>316.35</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>26</th>\n",
" <td>1960</td>\n",
" <td>01</td>\n",
" <td>21930</td>\n",
" <td>1960.0410</td>\n",
" <td>316.43</td>\n",
" <td>316.39</td>\n",
" <td>316.61</td>\n",
" <td>316.56</td>\n",
" <td>316.43</td>\n",
" <td>316.39</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>27</th>\n",
" <td>1960</td>\n",
" <td>02</td>\n",
" <td>21961</td>\n",
" <td>1960.1257</td>\n",
" <td>316.98</td>\n",
" <td>316.35</td>\n",
" <td>317.27</td>\n",
" <td>316.64</td>\n",
" <td>316.98</td>\n",
" <td>316.35</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>28</th>\n",
" <td>1960</td>\n",
" <td>03</td>\n",
" <td>21990</td>\n",
" <td>1960.2049</td>\n",
" <td>317.58</td>\n",
" <td>316.28</td>\n",
" <td>318.03</td>\n",
" <td>316.71</td>\n",
" <td>317.58</td>\n",
" <td>316.28</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>29</th>\n",
" <td>1960</td>\n",
" <td>04</td>\n",
" <td>22021</td>\n",
" <td>1960.2896</td>\n",
" <td>319.03</td>\n",
" <td>316.70</td>\n",
" <td>319.14</td>\n",
" <td>316.79</td>\n",
" <td>319.03</td>\n",
" <td>316.70</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>...</th>\n",
" <td>...</td>\n",
" <td>...</td>\n",
" <td>...</td>\n",
" <td>...</td>\n",
" <td>...</td>\n",
" <td>...</td>\n",
" <td>...</td>\n",
" <td>...</td>\n",
" <td>...</td>\n",
" <td>...</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>728</th>\n",
" <td>2018</td>\n",
" <td>07</td>\n",
" <td>43296</td>\n",
" <td>2018.5370</td>\n",
" <td>408.90</td>\n",
" <td>408.08</td>\n",
" <td>409.43</td>\n",
" <td>408.65</td>\n",
" <td>408.90</td>\n",
" <td>408.08</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>729</th>\n",
" <td>2018</td>\n",
" <td>08</td>\n",
" <td>43327</td>\n",
" <td>2018.6219</td>\n",
" <td>407.10</td>\n",
" <td>408.63</td>\n",
" <td>407.33</td>\n",
" <td>408.91</td>\n",
" <td>407.10</td>\n",
" <td>408.63</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>730</th>\n",
" <td>2018</td>\n",
" <td>09</td>\n",
" <td>43358</td>\n",
" <td>2018.7068</td>\n",
" <td>405.59</td>\n",
" <td>409.09</td>\n",
" <td>405.66</td>\n",
" <td>409.18</td>\n",
" <td>405.59</td>\n",
" <td>409.09</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>731</th>\n",
" <td>2018</td>\n",
" <td>10</td>\n",
" <td>43388</td>\n",
" <td>2018.7890</td>\n",
" <td>405.99</td>\n",
" <td>409.62</td>\n",
" <td>405.83</td>\n",
" <td>409.44</td>\n",
" <td>405.99</td>\n",
" <td>409.62</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>732</th>\n",
" <td>2018</td>\n",
" <td>11</td>\n",
" <td>43419</td>\n",
" <td>2018.8740</td>\n",
" <td>408.12</td>\n",
" <td>410.39</td>\n",
" <td>407.47</td>\n",
" <td>409.72</td>\n",
" <td>408.12</td>\n",
" <td>410.39</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>733</th>\n",
" <td>2018</td>\n",
" <td>12</td>\n",
" <td>43449</td>\n",
" <td>2018.9562</td>\n",
" <td>409.23</td>\n",
" <td>410.16</td>\n",
" <td>409.07</td>\n",
" <td>409.97</td>\n",
" <td>409.23</td>\n",
" <td>410.16</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>734</th>\n",
" <td>2019</td>\n",
" <td>01</td>\n",
" <td>43480</td>\n",
" <td>2019.0411</td>\n",
" <td>410.92</td>\n",
" <td>410.87</td>\n",
" <td>410.29</td>\n",
" <td>410.23</td>\n",
" <td>410.92</td>\n",
" <td>410.87</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>735</th>\n",
" <td>2019</td>\n",
" <td>02</td>\n",
" <td>43511</td>\n",
" <td>2019.1260</td>\n",
" <td>411.66</td>\n",
" <td>410.90</td>\n",
" <td>411.24</td>\n",
" <td>410.47</td>\n",
" <td>411.66</td>\n",
" <td>410.90</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>736</th>\n",
" <td>2019</td>\n",
" <td>03</td>\n",
" <td>43539</td>\n",
" <td>2019.2027</td>\n",
" <td>412.00</td>\n",
" <td>410.45</td>\n",
" <td>412.25</td>\n",
" <td>410.68</td>\n",
" <td>412.00</td>\n",
" <td>410.45</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>737</th>\n",
" <td>2019</td>\n",
" <td>04</td>\n",
" <td>43570</td>\n",
" <td>2019.2877</td>\n",
" <td>413.52</td>\n",
" <td>410.72</td>\n",
" <td>413.73</td>\n",
" <td>410.91</td>\n",
" <td>413.52</td>\n",
" <td>410.72</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>738</th>\n",
" <td>2019</td>\n",
" <td>05</td>\n",
" <td>43600</td>\n",
" <td>2019.3699</td>\n",
" <td>414.83</td>\n",
" <td>411.42</td>\n",
" <td>414.54</td>\n",
" <td>411.13</td>\n",
" <td>414.83</td>\n",
" <td>411.42</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>739</th>\n",
" <td>2019</td>\n",
" <td>06</td>\n",
" <td>43631</td>\n",
" <td>2019.4548</td>\n",
" <td>413.96</td>\n",
" <td>411.38</td>\n",
" <td>413.91</td>\n",
" <td>411.35</td>\n",
" <td>413.96</td>\n",
" <td>411.38</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>740</th>\n",
" <td>2019</td>\n",
" <td>07</td>\n",
" <td>43661</td>\n",
" <td>2019.5370</td>\n",
" <td>411.85</td>\n",
" <td>411.03</td>\n",
" <td>412.36</td>\n",
" <td>411.57</td>\n",
" <td>411.85</td>\n",
" <td>411.03</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>741</th>\n",
" <td>2019</td>\n",
" <td>08</td>\n",
" <td>43692</td>\n",
" <td>2019.6219</td>\n",
" <td>410.08</td>\n",
" <td>411.62</td>\n",
" <td>410.23</td>\n",
" <td>411.81</td>\n",
" <td>410.08</td>\n",
" <td>411.62</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>742</th>\n",
" <td>2019</td>\n",
" <td>09</td>\n",
" <td>43723</td>\n",
" <td>2019.7068</td>\n",
" <td>408.55</td>\n",
" <td>412.06</td>\n",
" <td>408.52</td>\n",
" <td>412.05</td>\n",
" <td>408.55</td>\n",
" <td>412.06</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>743</th>\n",
" <td>2019</td>\n",
" <td>10</td>\n",
" <td>43753</td>\n",
" <td>2019.7890</td>\n",
" <td>408.43</td>\n",
" <td>412.07</td>\n",
" <td>408.67</td>\n",
" <td>412.29</td>\n",
" <td>408.43</td>\n",
" <td>412.07</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>744</th>\n",
" <td>2019</td>\n",
" <td>11</td>\n",
" <td>43784</td>\n",
" <td>2019.8740</td>\n",
" <td>410.28</td>\n",
" <td>412.56</td>\n",
" <td>410.29</td>\n",
" <td>412.54</td>\n",
" <td>410.28</td>\n",
" <td>412.56</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>745</th>\n",
" <td>2019</td>\n",
" <td>12</td>\n",
" <td>43814</td>\n",
" <td>2019.9562</td>\n",
" <td>411.85</td>\n",
" <td>412.78</td>\n",
" <td>411.88</td>\n",
" <td>412.79</td>\n",
" <td>411.85</td>\n",
" <td>412.78</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>746</th>\n",
" <td>2020</td>\n",
" <td>01</td>\n",
" <td>43845</td>\n",
" <td>2020.0410</td>\n",
" <td>413.37</td>\n",
" <td>413.33</td>\n",
" <td>413.11</td>\n",
" <td>413.05</td>\n",
" <td>413.37</td>\n",
" <td>413.33</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>747</th>\n",
" <td>2020</td>\n",
" <td>02</td>\n",
" <td>43876</td>\n",
" <td>2020.1257</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>748</th>\n",
" <td>2020</td>\n",
" <td>03</td>\n",
" <td>43905</td>\n",
" <td>2020.2049</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>749</th>\n",
" <td>2020</td>\n",
" <td>04</td>\n",
" <td>43936</td>\n",
" <td>2020.2896</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>750</th>\n",
" <td>2020</td>\n",
" <td>05</td>\n",
" <td>43966</td>\n",
" <td>2020.3716</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>751</th>\n",
" <td>2020</td>\n",
" <td>06</td>\n",
" <td>43997</td>\n",
" <td>2020.4563</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>752</th>\n",
" <td>2020</td>\n",
" <td>07</td>\n",
" <td>44027</td>\n",
" <td>2020.5383</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>753</th>\n",
" <td>2020</td>\n",
" <td>08</td>\n",
" <td>44058</td>\n",
" <td>2020.6230</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>754</th>\n",
" <td>2020</td>\n",
" <td>09</td>\n",
" <td>44089</td>\n",
" <td>2020.7077</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>755</th>\n",
" <td>2020</td>\n",
" <td>10</td>\n",
" <td>44119</td>\n",
" <td>2020.7896</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>756</th>\n",
" <td>2020</td>\n",
" <td>11</td>\n",
" <td>44150</td>\n",
" <td>2020.8743</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" <tr>\n",
" <th>757</th>\n",
" <td>2020</td>\n",
" <td>12</td>\n",
" <td>44180</td>\n",
" <td>2020.9563</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" <td>-99.99</td>\n",
" </tr>\n",
" </tbody>\n",
"</table>\n",
"<p>758 rows × 10 columns</p>\n",
"</div>"
],
"text/plain": [
" Yr Mn Date Date CO2 seasonally fit \\\n",
"0 adjusted \n",
"1 Excel [ppm] [ppm] [ppm] \n",
"2 1958 01 21200 1958.0411 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"3 1958 02 21231 1958.1260 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"4 1958 03 21259 1958.2027 315.70 314.44 316.19 \n",
"5 1958 04 21290 1958.2877 317.45 315.16 317.30 \n",
"6 1958 05 21320 1958.3699 317.51 314.71 317.86 \n",
"7 1958 06 21351 1958.4548 -99.99 -99.99 317.24 \n",
"8 1958 07 21381 1958.5370 315.86 315.19 315.86 \n",
"9 1958 08 21412 1958.6219 314.93 316.19 314.00 \n",
"10 1958 09 21443 1958.7068 313.21 316.08 312.46 \n",
"11 1958 10 21473 1958.7890 -99.99 -99.99 312.44 \n",
"12 1958 11 21504 1958.8740 313.33 315.20 313.62 \n",
"13 1958 12 21534 1958.9562 314.67 315.43 314.77 \n",
"14 1959 01 21565 1959.0411 315.58 315.54 315.62 \n",
"15 1959 02 21596 1959.1260 316.49 315.86 316.27 \n",
"16 1959 03 21624 1959.2027 316.65 315.38 316.98 \n",
"17 1959 04 21655 1959.2877 317.72 315.42 318.09 \n",
"18 1959 05 21685 1959.3699 318.29 315.49 318.65 \n",
"19 1959 06 21716 1959.4548 318.15 316.03 318.04 \n",
"20 1959 07 21746 1959.5370 316.54 315.86 316.67 \n",
"21 1959 08 21777 1959.6219 314.80 316.06 314.83 \n",
"22 1959 09 21808 1959.7068 313.84 316.72 313.32 \n",
"23 1959 10 21838 1959.7890 313.33 316.32 313.33 \n",
"24 1959 11 21869 1959.8740 314.81 316.68 314.54 \n",
"25 1959 12 21899 1959.9562 315.58 316.35 315.72 \n",
"26 1960 01 21930 1960.0410 316.43 316.39 316.61 \n",
"27 1960 02 21961 1960.1257 316.98 316.35 317.27 \n",
"28 1960 03 21990 1960.2049 317.58 316.28 318.03 \n",
"29 1960 04 22021 1960.2896 319.03 316.70 319.14 \n",
".. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... \n",
"728 2018 07 43296 2018.5370 408.90 408.08 409.43 \n",
"729 2018 08 43327 2018.6219 407.10 408.63 407.33 \n",
"730 2018 09 43358 2018.7068 405.59 409.09 405.66 \n",
"731 2018 10 43388 2018.7890 405.99 409.62 405.83 \n",
"732 2018 11 43419 2018.8740 408.12 410.39 407.47 \n",
"733 2018 12 43449 2018.9562 409.23 410.16 409.07 \n",
"734 2019 01 43480 2019.0411 410.92 410.87 410.29 \n",
"735 2019 02 43511 2019.1260 411.66 410.90 411.24 \n",
"736 2019 03 43539 2019.2027 412.00 410.45 412.25 \n",
"737 2019 04 43570 2019.2877 413.52 410.72 413.73 \n",
"738 2019 05 43600 2019.3699 414.83 411.42 414.54 \n",
"739 2019 06 43631 2019.4548 413.96 411.38 413.91 \n",
"740 2019 07 43661 2019.5370 411.85 411.03 412.36 \n",
"741 2019 08 43692 2019.6219 410.08 411.62 410.23 \n",
"742 2019 09 43723 2019.7068 408.55 412.06 408.52 \n",
"743 2019 10 43753 2019.7890 408.43 412.07 408.67 \n",
"744 2019 11 43784 2019.8740 410.28 412.56 410.29 \n",
"745 2019 12 43814 2019.9562 411.85 412.78 411.88 \n",
"746 2020 01 43845 2020.0410 413.37 413.33 413.11 \n",
"747 2020 02 43876 2020.1257 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"748 2020 03 43905 2020.2049 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"749 2020 04 43936 2020.2896 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"750 2020 05 43966 2020.3716 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"751 2020 06 43997 2020.4563 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"752 2020 07 44027 2020.5383 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"753 2020 08 44058 2020.6230 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"754 2020 09 44089 2020.7077 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"755 2020 10 44119 2020.7896 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"756 2020 11 44150 2020.8743 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"757 2020 12 44180 2020.9563 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"\n",
" seasonally CO2 seasonally \n",
"0 adjusted fit filled adjusted filled \n",
"1 [ppm] [ppm] [ppm] \n",
"2 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"3 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"4 314.91 315.70 314.44 \n",
"5 314.99 317.45 315.16 \n",
"6 315.06 317.51 314.71 \n",
"7 315.14 317.24 315.14 \n",
"8 315.22 315.86 315.19 \n",
"9 315.29 314.93 316.19 \n",
"10 315.35 313.21 316.08 \n",
"11 315.40 312.44 315.40 \n",
"12 315.46 313.33 315.20 \n",
"13 315.51 314.67 315.43 \n",
"14 315.57 315.58 315.54 \n",
"15 315.63 316.49 315.86 \n",
"16 315.69 316.65 315.38 \n",
"17 315.77 317.72 315.42 \n",
"18 315.85 318.29 315.49 \n",
"19 315.94 318.15 316.03 \n",
"20 316.03 316.54 315.86 \n",
"21 316.12 314.80 316.06 \n",
"22 316.22 313.84 316.72 \n",
"23 316.30 313.33 316.32 \n",
"24 316.39 314.81 316.68 \n",
"25 316.47 315.58 316.35 \n",
"26 316.56 316.43 316.39 \n",
"27 316.64 316.98 316.35 \n",
"28 316.71 317.58 316.28 \n",
"29 316.79 319.03 316.70 \n",
".. ... ... ... \n",
"728 408.65 408.90 408.08 \n",
"729 408.91 407.10 408.63 \n",
"730 409.18 405.59 409.09 \n",
"731 409.44 405.99 409.62 \n",
"732 409.72 408.12 410.39 \n",
"733 409.97 409.23 410.16 \n",
"734 410.23 410.92 410.87 \n",
"735 410.47 411.66 410.90 \n",
"736 410.68 412.00 410.45 \n",
"737 410.91 413.52 410.72 \n",
"738 411.13 414.83 411.42 \n",
"739 411.35 413.96 411.38 \n",
"740 411.57 411.85 411.03 \n",
"741 411.81 410.08 411.62 \n",
"742 412.05 408.55 412.06 \n",
"743 412.29 408.43 412.07 \n",
"744 412.54 410.28 412.56 \n",
"745 412.79 411.85 412.78 \n",
"746 413.05 413.37 413.33 \n",
"747 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"748 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"749 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"750 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"751 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"752 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"753 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"754 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"755 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"756 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"757 -99.99 -99.99 -99.99 \n",
"\n",
"[758 rows x 10 columns]"
]
},
"execution_count": 7,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"# Chargement de la base de données (CSV)\n",
"# Les lignes de commentaires sont ignorées\n",
"# Le séparateur de champs utilisé dans la base de données est la virgule (,)\n",
"pd.read_csv('monthly_in_situ_co2_mlo.csv', sep=',', comment='\"') "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Nous voyons que la base de données comporte 10 colonnes et 758 lignes. Les 3 premières lignes détaillent les données par colonne.\n",
"Une rapide inspection visuelle montre :\n",
"* Plusieurs formats de dates. Il faudra faire le choix de notre référence.\n",
"* Des colonnes redondantes (CO2 et seasonality).\n",
"* Des valeurs incohérentes pour un taux de CO2 (-99.99 *ppm*)."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": []
}
],
"metadata": { "metadata": {
"kernelspec": { "kernelspec": {
"display_name": "Python 3", "display_name": "Python 3",
...@@ -16,10 +1130,9 @@ ...@@ -16,10 +1130,9 @@
"name": "python", "name": "python",
"nbconvert_exporter": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
"version": "3.6.3" "version": "3.6.4"
} }
}, },
"nbformat": 4, "nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 2 "nbformat_minor": 2
} }
"-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
" Atmospheric CO2 concentrations (ppm) derived from in situ air measurements "
" at Mauna Loa, Observatory, Hawaii: Latitude 19.5°N Longitude 155.6°W Elevation 3397m "
" "
" Source: R. F. Keeling, S. J. Walker, S. C. Piper and A. F. Bollenbacher "
" Scripps CO2 Program ( http://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu ) "
" Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) "
" University of California "
" La Jolla, California USA 92093-0244 "
" "
" Status of data and correspondence: "
" "
" These data are subject to revision based on recalibration of standard gases. Questions "
" about the data should be directed to Dr. Ralph Keeling (rkeeling@ucsd.edu), Stephen Walker"
" (sjwalker@ucsd.edu) and Stephen Piper (scpiper@ucsd.edu), Scripps CO2 Program. "
" "
" Baseline data in this file through 06-Feb-2020 from archive dated 06-Feb-2020 08:55:31 "
" "
"-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
" "
" Please cite as: "
" "
" C. D. Keeling, S. C. Piper, R. B. Bacastow, M. Wahlen, T. P. Whorf, M. Heimann, and "
" H. A. Meijer, Exchanges of atmospheric CO2 and 13CO2 with the terrestrial biosphere and "
" oceans from 1978 to 2000. I. Global aspects, SIO Reference Series, No. 01-06, Scripps "
" Institution of Oceanography, San Diego, 88 pages, 2001. "
" "
" If it is necessary to cite a peer-reviewed article, please cite as: "
" "
" C. D. Keeling, S. C. Piper, R. B. Bacastow, M. Wahlen, T. P. Whorf, M. Heimann, and "
" H. A. Meijer, Atmospheric CO2 and 13CO2 exchange with the terrestrial biosphere and "
" oceans from 1978 to 2000: observations and carbon cycle implications, pages 83-113, "
" in "A History of Atmospheric CO2 and its effects on Plants, Animals, and Ecosystems", "
" editors, Ehleringer, J.R., T. E. Cerling, M. D. Dearing, Springer Verlag, "
" New York, 2005. "
" "
"-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
" "
" The data file below contains 10 columns. Columns 1-4 give the dates in several redundant "
" formats. Column 5 below gives monthly Mauna Loa CO2 concentrations in micro-mol CO2 per "
" mole (ppm), reported on the 2008A SIO manometric mole fraction scale. This is the "
" standard version of the data most often sought. The monthly values have been adjusted "
" to 24:00 hours on the 15th of each month. Column 6 gives the same data after a seasonal "
" adjustment to remove the quasi-regular seasonal cycle. The adjustment involves "
" subtracting from the data a 4-harmonic fit with a linear gain factor. Column 7 is a "
" smoothed version of the data generated from a stiff cubic spline function plus 4-harmonic "
" functions with linear gain. Column 8 is the same smoothed version with the seasonal "
" cycle removed. Column 9 is identical to Column 5 except that the missing values from "
" Column 5 have been filled with values from Column 7. Column 10 is identical to Column 6 "
" except missing values have been filled with values from Column 8. Missing values are "
" denoted by -99.99 "
" "
" CO2 concentrations are measured on the '08A' calibration scale "
" "
Yr, Mn, Date, Date, CO2,seasonally, fit, seasonally, CO2, seasonally
, , , , , adjusted, ,adjusted fit, filled,adjusted filled
, , Excel, , [ppm], [ppm] , [ppm], [ppm], [ppm], [ppm]
1958, 01, 21200, 1958.0411, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99
1958, 02, 21231, 1958.1260, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99
1958, 03, 21259, 1958.2027, 315.70, 314.44, 316.19, 314.91, 315.70, 314.44
1958, 04, 21290, 1958.2877, 317.45, 315.16, 317.30, 314.99, 317.45, 315.16
1958, 05, 21320, 1958.3699, 317.51, 314.71, 317.86, 315.06, 317.51, 314.71
1958, 06, 21351, 1958.4548, -99.99, -99.99, 317.24, 315.14, 317.24, 315.14
1958, 07, 21381, 1958.5370, 315.86, 315.19, 315.86, 315.22, 315.86, 315.19
1958, 08, 21412, 1958.6219, 314.93, 316.19, 314.00, 315.29, 314.93, 316.19
1958, 09, 21443, 1958.7068, 313.21, 316.08, 312.46, 315.35, 313.21, 316.08
1958, 10, 21473, 1958.7890, -99.99, -99.99, 312.44, 315.40, 312.44, 315.40
1958, 11, 21504, 1958.8740, 313.33, 315.20, 313.62, 315.46, 313.33, 315.20
1958, 12, 21534, 1958.9562, 314.67, 315.43, 314.77, 315.51, 314.67, 315.43
1959, 01, 21565, 1959.0411, 315.58, 315.54, 315.62, 315.57, 315.58, 315.54
1959, 02, 21596, 1959.1260, 316.49, 315.86, 316.27, 315.63, 316.49, 315.86
1959, 03, 21624, 1959.2027, 316.65, 315.38, 316.98, 315.69, 316.65, 315.38
1959, 04, 21655, 1959.2877, 317.72, 315.42, 318.09, 315.77, 317.72, 315.42
1959, 05, 21685, 1959.3699, 318.29, 315.49, 318.65, 315.85, 318.29, 315.49
1959, 06, 21716, 1959.4548, 318.15, 316.03, 318.04, 315.94, 318.15, 316.03
1959, 07, 21746, 1959.5370, 316.54, 315.86, 316.67, 316.03, 316.54, 315.86
1959, 08, 21777, 1959.6219, 314.80, 316.06, 314.83, 316.12, 314.80, 316.06
1959, 09, 21808, 1959.7068, 313.84, 316.72, 313.32, 316.22, 313.84, 316.72
1959, 10, 21838, 1959.7890, 313.33, 316.32, 313.33, 316.30, 313.33, 316.32
1959, 11, 21869, 1959.8740, 314.81, 316.68, 314.54, 316.39, 314.81, 316.68
1959, 12, 21899, 1959.9562, 315.58, 316.35, 315.72, 316.47, 315.58, 316.35
1960, 01, 21930, 1960.0410, 316.43, 316.39, 316.61, 316.56, 316.43, 316.39
1960, 02, 21961, 1960.1257, 316.98, 316.35, 317.27, 316.64, 316.98, 316.35
1960, 03, 21990, 1960.2049, 317.58, 316.28, 318.03, 316.71, 317.58, 316.28
1960, 04, 22021, 1960.2896, 319.03, 316.70, 319.14, 316.79, 319.03, 316.70
1960, 05, 22051, 1960.3716, 320.04, 317.22, 319.67, 316.86, 320.04, 317.22
1960, 06, 22082, 1960.4563, 319.59, 317.48, 319.01, 316.93, 319.59, 317.48
1960, 07, 22112, 1960.5383, 318.18, 317.53, 317.60, 316.98, 318.18, 317.53
1960, 08, 22143, 1960.6230, 315.90, 317.20, 315.69, 317.01, 315.90, 317.20
1960, 09, 22174, 1960.7077, 314.17, 317.07, 314.12, 317.04, 314.17, 317.07
1960, 10, 22204, 1960.7896, 313.83, 316.83, 314.09, 317.07, 313.83, 316.83
1960, 11, 22235, 1960.8743, 315.00, 316.87, 315.25, 317.11, 315.00, 316.87
1960, 12, 22265, 1960.9563, 316.19, 316.96, 316.40, 317.15, 316.19, 316.96
1961, 01, 22296, 1961.0411, 316.89, 316.86, 317.25, 317.20, 316.89, 316.86
1961, 02, 22327, 1961.1260, 317.70, 317.07, 317.90, 317.26, 317.70, 317.07
1961, 03, 22355, 1961.2027, 318.54, 317.26, 318.63, 317.33, 318.54, 317.26
1961, 04, 22386, 1961.2877, 319.48, 317.16, 319.75, 317.41, 319.48, 317.16
1961, 05, 22416, 1961.3699, 320.58, 317.76, 320.32, 317.50, 320.58, 317.76
1961, 06, 22447, 1961.4548, 319.77, 317.63, 319.71, 317.59, 319.77, 317.63
1961, 07, 22477, 1961.5370, 318.57, 317.89, 318.33, 317.68, 318.57, 317.89
1961, 08, 22508, 1961.6219, 316.79, 318.06, 316.46, 317.76, 316.79, 318.06
1961, 09, 22539, 1961.7068, 314.99, 317.89, 314.92, 317.85, 314.99, 317.89
1961, 10, 22569, 1961.7890, 315.31, 318.32, 314.92, 317.92, 315.31, 318.32
1961, 11, 22600, 1961.8740, 316.10, 317.99, 316.13, 317.99, 316.10, 317.99
1961, 12, 22630, 1961.9562, 317.01, 317.78, 317.30, 318.06, 317.01, 317.78
1962, 01, 22661, 1962.0411, 317.94, 317.90, 318.18, 318.13, 317.94, 317.90
1962, 02, 22692, 1962.1260, 318.55, 317.92, 318.83, 318.19, 318.55, 317.92
1962, 03, 22720, 1962.2027, 319.68, 318.39, 319.56, 318.26, 319.68, 318.39
1962, 04, 22751, 1962.2877, 320.57, 318.24, 320.67, 318.32, 320.57, 318.24
1962, 05, 22781, 1962.3699, 321.02, 318.18, 321.22, 318.39, 321.02, 318.18
1962, 06, 22812, 1962.4548, 320.62, 318.48, 320.57, 318.45, 320.62, 318.48
1962, 07, 22842, 1962.5370, 319.61, 318.93, 319.16, 318.51, 319.61, 318.93
1962, 08, 22873, 1962.6219, 317.40, 318.68, 317.25, 318.56, 317.40, 318.68
1962, 09, 22904, 1962.7068, 316.25, 319.16, 315.67, 318.60, 316.25, 319.16
1962, 10, 22934, 1962.7890, 315.42, 318.44, 315.63, 318.64, 315.42, 318.44
1962, 11, 22965, 1962.8740, 316.69, 318.58, 316.81, 318.68, 316.69, 318.58
1962, 12, 22995, 1962.9562, 317.70, 318.47, 317.96, 318.72, 317.70, 318.47
1963, 01, 23026, 1963.0411, 318.74, 318.70, 318.81, 318.76, 318.74, 318.70
1963, 02, 23057, 1963.1260, 319.07, 318.44, 319.45, 318.81, 319.07, 318.44
1963, 03, 23085, 1963.2027, 319.86, 318.57, 320.16, 318.86, 319.86, 318.57
1963, 04, 23116, 1963.2877, 321.38, 319.05, 321.26, 318.91, 321.38, 319.05
1963, 05, 23146, 1963.3699, 322.25, 319.40, 321.80, 318.96, 322.25, 319.40
1963, 06, 23177, 1963.4548, 321.48, 319.33, 321.14, 319.01, 321.48, 319.33
1963, 07, 23207, 1963.5370, 319.74, 319.06, 319.71, 319.06, 319.74, 319.06
1963, 08, 23238, 1963.6219, 317.77, 319.05, 317.78, 319.10, 317.77, 319.05
1963, 09, 23269, 1963.7068, 316.21, 319.14, 316.20, 319.14, 316.21, 319.14
1963, 10, 23299, 1963.7890, 315.99, 319.02, 316.16, 319.18, 315.99, 319.02
1963, 11, 23330, 1963.8740, 317.07, 318.96, 317.35, 319.23, 317.07, 318.96
1963, 12, 23360, 1963.9562, 318.35, 319.13, 318.51, 319.27, 318.35, 319.13
1964, 01, 23391, 1964.0410, 319.57, 319.53, 319.37, 319.32, 319.57, 319.53
1964, 02, 23422, 1964.1257, -99.99, -99.99, 320.01, 319.36, 320.01, 319.36
1964, 03, 23451, 1964.2049, -99.99, -99.99, 320.74, 319.41, 320.74, 319.41
1964, 04, 23482, 1964.2896, -99.99, -99.99, 321.83, 319.45, 321.83, 319.45
1964, 05, 23512, 1964.3716, 322.26, 319.40, 322.34, 319.49, 322.26, 319.40
1964, 06, 23543, 1964.4563, 321.89, 319.75, 321.64, 319.52, 321.89, 319.75
1964, 07, 23573, 1964.5383, 320.44, 319.78, 320.19, 319.55, 320.44, 319.78
1964, 08, 23604, 1964.6230, 318.69, 320.00, 318.24, 319.58, 318.69, 320.00
1964, 09, 23635, 1964.7077, 316.71, 319.65, 316.64, 319.60, 316.71, 319.65
1964, 10, 23665, 1964.7896, 316.87, 319.91, 316.59, 319.62, 316.87, 319.91
1964, 11, 23696, 1964.8743, 317.68, 319.58, 317.76, 319.64, 317.68, 319.58
1964, 12, 23726, 1964.9563, 318.71, 319.49, 318.89, 319.66, 318.71, 319.49
1965, 01, 23757, 1965.0411, 319.44, 319.40, 319.73, 319.68, 319.44, 319.40
1965, 02, 23788, 1965.1260, 320.44, 319.81, 320.37, 319.72, 320.44, 319.81
1965, 03, 23816, 1965.2027, 320.89, 319.59, 321.08, 319.77, 320.89, 319.59
1965, 04, 23847, 1965.2877, 322.14, 319.78, 322.20, 319.83, 322.14, 319.78
1965, 05, 23877, 1965.3699, 322.17, 319.30, 322.77, 319.91, 322.17, 319.30
1965, 06, 23908, 1965.4548, 321.87, 319.71, 322.15, 320.00, 321.87, 319.71
1965, 07, 23938, 1965.5370, 321.21, 320.52, 320.76, 320.10, 321.21, 320.52
1965, 08, 23969, 1965.6219, 318.87, 320.16, 318.88, 320.21, 318.87, 320.16
1965, 09, 24000, 1965.7068, 317.82, 320.76, 317.36, 320.32, 317.82, 320.76
1965, 10, 24030, 1965.7890, 317.30, 320.36, 317.39, 320.43, 317.30, 320.36
1965, 11, 24061, 1965.8740, 318.87, 320.78, 318.66, 320.55, 318.87, 320.78
1965, 12, 24091, 1965.9562, 319.42, 320.20, 319.90, 320.66, 319.42, 320.20
1966, 01, 24122, 1966.0411, 320.62, 320.58, 320.83, 320.78, 320.62, 320.58
1966, 02, 24153, 1966.1260, 321.60, 320.96, 321.55, 320.90, 321.60, 320.96
1966, 03, 24181, 1966.2027, 322.39, 321.08, 322.33, 321.01, 322.39, 321.08
1966, 04, 24212, 1966.2877, 323.70, 321.34, 323.50, 321.12, 323.70, 321.34
1966, 05, 24242, 1966.3699, 324.08, 321.20, 324.10, 321.22, 324.08, 321.20
1966, 06, 24273, 1966.4548, 323.75, 321.58, 323.47, 321.32, 323.75, 321.58
1966, 07, 24303, 1966.5370, 322.38, 321.69, 322.07, 321.40, 322.38, 321.69
1966, 08, 24334, 1966.6219, 320.36, 321.66, 320.15, 321.48, 320.36, 321.66
1966, 09, 24365, 1966.7068, 318.64, 321.60, 318.58, 321.55, 318.64, 321.60
1966, 10, 24395, 1966.7890, 318.10, 321.17, 318.56, 321.62, 318.10, 321.17
1966, 11, 24426, 1966.8740, 319.78, 321.70, 319.78, 321.68, 319.78, 321.70
1966, 12, 24456, 1966.9562, 321.03, 321.81, 320.97, 321.74, 321.03, 321.81
1967, 01, 24487, 1967.0411, 322.33, 322.29, 321.85, 321.80, 322.33, 322.29
1967, 02, 24518, 1967.1260, 322.50, 321.86, 322.51, 321.86, 322.50, 321.86
1967, 03, 24546, 1967.2027, 323.04, 321.73, 323.23, 321.90, 323.04, 321.73
1967, 04, 24577, 1967.2877, 324.42, 322.05, 324.35, 321.96, 324.42, 322.05
1967, 05, 24607, 1967.3699, 325.00, 322.12, 324.90, 322.01, 325.00, 322.12
1967, 06, 24638, 1967.4548, 324.09, 321.91, 324.24, 322.07, 324.09, 321.91
1967, 07, 24668, 1967.5370, 322.54, 321.85, 322.80, 322.13, 322.54, 321.85
1967, 08, 24699, 1967.6219, 320.92, 322.22, 320.87, 322.20, 320.92, 322.22
1967, 09, 24730, 1967.7068, 319.25, 322.22, 319.29, 322.27, 319.25, 322.22
1967, 10, 24760, 1967.7890, 319.39, 322.47, 319.28, 322.35, 319.39, 322.47
1967, 11, 24791, 1967.8740, 320.73, 322.65, 320.52, 322.42, 320.73, 322.65
1967, 12, 24821, 1967.9562, 321.96, 322.74, 321.72, 322.49, 321.96, 322.74
1968, 01, 24852, 1968.0410, 322.57, 322.53, 322.62, 322.57, 322.57, 322.53
1968, 02, 24883, 1968.1257, 323.15, 322.50, 323.30, 322.65, 323.15, 322.50
1968, 03, 24912, 1968.2049, 323.89, 322.55, 324.09, 322.73, 323.89, 322.55
1968, 04, 24943, 1968.2896, 325.02, 322.62, 325.24, 322.83, 325.02, 322.62
1968, 05, 24973, 1968.3716, 325.57, 322.68, 325.82, 322.92, 325.57, 322.68
1968, 06, 25004, 1968.4563, 325.36, 323.19, 325.18, 323.03, 325.36, 323.19
1968, 07, 25034, 1968.5383, 324.14, 323.47, 323.78, 323.14, 324.14, 323.47
1968, 08, 25065, 1968.6230, 322.11, 323.44, 321.89, 323.25, 322.11, 323.44
1968, 09, 25096, 1968.7077, 320.33, 323.32, 320.36, 323.37, 320.33, 323.32
1968, 10, 25126, 1968.7896, 320.25, 323.33, 320.42, 323.49, 320.25, 323.33
1968, 11, 25157, 1968.8743, 321.32, 323.25, 321.71, 323.61, 321.32, 323.25
1968, 12, 25187, 1968.9563, 322.89, 323.68, 322.97, 323.75, 322.89, 323.68
1969, 01, 25218, 1969.0411, 324.00, 323.96, 323.94, 323.89, 324.00, 323.96
1969, 02, 25249, 1969.1260, 324.42, 323.77, 324.69, 324.03, 324.42, 323.77
1969, 03, 25277, 1969.2027, 325.63, 324.31, 325.50, 324.16, 325.63, 324.31
1969, 04, 25308, 1969.2877, 326.66, 324.28, 326.71, 324.30, 326.66, 324.28
1969, 05, 25338, 1969.3699, 327.38, 324.48, 327.34, 324.44, 327.38, 324.48
1969, 06, 25369, 1969.4548, 326.71, 324.51, 326.75, 324.57, 326.71, 324.51
1969, 07, 25399, 1969.5370, 325.88, 325.18, 325.36, 324.69, 325.88, 325.18
1969, 08, 25430, 1969.6219, 323.66, 324.97, 323.46, 324.80, 323.66, 324.97
1969, 09, 25461, 1969.7068, 322.38, 325.37, 321.90, 324.90, 322.38, 325.37
1969, 10, 25491, 1969.7890, 321.78, 324.88, 321.91, 324.99, 321.78, 324.88
1969, 11, 25522, 1969.8740, 322.85, 324.79, 323.16, 325.08, 322.85, 324.79
1969, 12, 25552, 1969.9562, 324.12, 324.91, 324.38, 325.16, 324.12, 324.91
1970, 01, 25583, 1970.0411, 325.06, 325.02, 325.29, 325.24, 325.06, 325.02
1970, 02, 25614, 1970.1260, 325.98, 325.33, 325.98, 325.32, 325.98, 325.33
1970, 03, 25642, 1970.2027, 326.93, 325.61, 326.74, 325.40, 326.93, 325.61
1970, 04, 25673, 1970.2877, 328.13, 325.74, 327.89, 325.48, 328.13, 325.74
1970, 05, 25703, 1970.3699, 328.08, 325.16, 328.47, 325.55, 328.08, 325.16
1970, 06, 25734, 1970.4548, 327.67, 325.46, 327.81, 325.63, 327.67, 325.46
1970, 07, 25764, 1970.5370, 326.34, 325.64, 326.37, 325.70, 326.34, 325.64
1970, 08, 25795, 1970.6219, 324.69, 326.00, 324.42, 325.77, 324.69, 326.00
1970, 09, 25826, 1970.7068, 323.10, 326.10, 322.82, 325.83, 323.10, 326.10
1970, 10, 25856, 1970.7890, 323.06, 326.17, 322.79, 325.88, 323.06, 326.17
1970, 11, 25887, 1970.8740, 324.01, 325.95, 324.01, 325.93, 324.01, 325.95
1970, 12, 25917, 1970.9562, 325.13, 325.93, 325.19, 325.97, 325.13, 325.93
1971, 01, 25948, 1971.0411, 326.17, 326.13, 326.06, 326.01, 326.17, 326.13
1971, 02, 25979, 1971.1260, 326.68, 326.03, 326.71, 326.05, 326.68, 326.03
1971, 03, 26007, 1971.2027, 327.18, 325.85, 327.43, 326.09, 327.18, 325.85
1971, 04, 26038, 1971.2877, 327.79, 325.38, 328.56, 326.14, 327.79, 325.38
1971, 05, 26068, 1971.3699, 328.93, 326.00, 329.12, 326.19, 328.93, 326.00
1971, 06, 26099, 1971.4548, 328.57, 326.36, 328.45, 326.26, 328.57, 326.36
1971, 07, 26129, 1971.5370, 327.36, 326.66, 327.00, 326.33, 327.36, 326.66
1971, 08, 26160, 1971.6219, 325.43, 326.75, 325.05, 326.40, 325.43, 326.75
1971, 09, 26191, 1971.7068, 323.36, 326.37, 323.45, 326.47, 323.36, 326.37
1971, 10, 26221, 1971.7890, 323.56, 326.68, 323.44, 326.54, 323.56, 326.68
1971, 11, 26252, 1971.8740, 324.80, 326.75, 324.69, 326.62, 324.80, 326.75
1971, 12, 26282, 1971.9562, 326.01, 326.81, 325.92, 326.70, 326.01, 326.81
1972, 01, 26313, 1972.0410, 326.77, 326.73, 326.83, 326.78, 326.77, 326.73
1972, 02, 26344, 1972.1257, 327.63, 326.98, 327.54, 326.88, 327.63, 326.98
1972, 03, 26373, 1972.2049, 327.75, 326.39, 328.35, 326.98, 327.75, 326.39
1972, 04, 26404, 1972.2896, 329.72, 327.29, 329.55, 327.10, 329.72, 327.29
1972, 05, 26434, 1972.3716, 330.07, 327.14, 330.16, 327.23, 330.07, 327.14
1972, 06, 26465, 1972.4563, 329.09, 326.89, 329.55, 327.38, 329.09, 326.89
1972, 07, 26495, 1972.5383, 328.04, 327.36, 328.19, 327.54, 328.04, 327.36
1972, 08, 26526, 1972.6230, 326.32, 327.67, 326.34, 327.72, 326.32, 327.67
1972, 09, 26557, 1972.7077, 324.84, 327.87, 324.86, 327.91, 324.84, 327.87
1972, 10, 26587, 1972.7896, 325.20, 328.33, 324.99, 328.10, 325.20, 328.33
1972, 11, 26618, 1972.8743, 326.50, 328.45, 326.37, 328.31, 326.50, 328.45
1972, 12, 26648, 1972.9563, 327.55, 328.35, 327.72, 328.51, 327.55, 328.35
1973, 01, 26679, 1973.0411, 328.55, 328.51, 328.77, 328.72, 328.55, 328.51
1973, 02, 26710, 1973.1260, 329.56, 328.90, 329.59, 328.92, 329.56, 328.90
1973, 03, 26738, 1973.2027, 330.30, 328.96, 330.46, 329.11, 330.30, 328.96
1973, 04, 26769, 1973.2877, 331.50, 329.08, 331.74, 329.30, 331.50, 329.08
1973, 05, 26799, 1973.3699, 332.48, 329.54, 332.42, 329.48, 332.48, 329.54
1973, 06, 26830, 1973.4548, 332.07, 329.84, 331.85, 329.64, 332.07, 329.84
1973, 07, 26860, 1973.5370, 330.87, 330.16, 330.45, 329.77, 330.87, 330.16
1973, 08, 26891, 1973.6219, 329.31, 330.64, 328.52, 329.88, 329.31, 330.64
1973, 09, 26922, 1973.7068, 327.51, 330.54, 326.91, 329.96, 327.51, 330.54
1973, 10, 26952, 1973.7890, 327.18, 330.32, 326.88, 330.01, 327.18, 330.32
1973, 11, 26983, 1973.8740, 328.16, 330.13, 328.10, 330.04, 328.16, 330.13
1973, 12, 27013, 1973.9562, 328.64, 329.44, 329.28, 330.07, 328.64, 329.44
1974, 01, 27044, 1974.0411, 329.35, 329.31, 330.14, 330.09, 329.35, 329.31
1974, 02, 27075, 1974.1260, 330.71, 330.05, 330.78, 330.12, 330.71, 330.05
1974, 03, 27103, 1974.2027, 331.48, 330.14, 331.50, 330.14, 331.48, 330.14
1974, 04, 27134, 1974.2877, 332.65, 330.22, 332.62, 330.18, 332.65, 330.22
1974, 05, 27164, 1974.3699, 333.09, 330.13, 333.17, 330.22, 333.09, 330.13
1974, 06, 27195, 1974.4548, 332.25, 330.01, 332.48, 330.26, 332.25, 330.01
1974, 07, 27225, 1974.5370, 331.18, 330.46, 330.99, 330.31, 331.18, 330.46
1974, 08, 27256, 1974.6219, 329.39, 330.73, 328.99, 330.36, 329.39, 330.73
1974, 09, 27287, 1974.7068, 327.43, 330.47, 327.35, 330.41, 327.43, 330.47
1974, 10, 27317, 1974.7890, 327.37, 330.52, 327.32, 330.46, 327.37, 330.52
1974, 11, 27348, 1974.8740, 328.46, 330.43, 328.57, 330.52, 328.46, 330.43
1974, 12, 27378, 1974.9562, 329.57, 330.38, 329.79, 330.58, 329.57, 330.38
1975, 01, 27409, 1975.0411, 330.40, 330.36, 330.71, 330.65, 330.40, 330.36
1975, 02, 27440, 1975.1260, 331.40, 330.74, 331.41, 330.74, 331.40, 330.74
1975, 03, 27468, 1975.2027, 332.04, 330.69, 332.18, 330.82, 332.04, 330.69
1975, 04, 27499, 1975.2877, 333.31, 330.87, 333.36, 330.91, 333.31, 330.87
1975, 05, 27529, 1975.3699, 333.97, 331.00, 333.97, 331.00, 333.97, 331.00
1975, 06, 27560, 1975.4548, 333.60, 331.36, 333.33, 331.10, 333.60, 331.36
1975, 07, 27590, 1975.5370, 331.90, 331.19, 331.88, 331.20, 331.90, 331.19
1975, 08, 27621, 1975.6219, 330.06, 331.39, 329.92, 331.29, 330.06, 331.39
1975, 09, 27652, 1975.7068, 328.56, 331.61, 328.32, 331.39, 328.56, 331.61
1975, 10, 27682, 1975.7890, 328.34, 331.50, 328.32, 331.47, 328.34, 331.50
1975, 11, 27713, 1975.8740, 329.49, 331.47, 329.60, 331.56, 329.49, 331.47
1975, 12, 27743, 1975.9562, 330.76, 331.57, 330.84, 331.64, 330.76, 331.57
1976, 01, 27774, 1976.0410, 331.75, 331.71, 331.77, 331.72, 331.75, 331.71
1976, 02, 27805, 1976.1257, 332.56, 331.91, 332.47, 331.80, 332.56, 331.91
1976, 03, 27834, 1976.2049, 333.50, 332.12, 333.26, 331.87, 333.50, 332.12
1976, 04, 27865, 1976.2896, 334.58, 332.12, 334.43, 331.95, 334.58, 332.12
1976, 05, 27895, 1976.3716, 334.88, 331.90, 335.00, 332.03, 334.88, 331.90
1976, 06, 27926, 1976.4563, 334.33, 332.10, 334.32, 332.11, 334.33, 332.10
1976, 07, 27956, 1976.5383, 333.05, 332.36, 332.85, 332.19, 333.05, 332.36
1976, 08, 27987, 1976.6230, 330.94, 332.31, 330.89, 332.29, 330.94, 332.31
1976, 09, 28018, 1976.7077, 329.30, 332.38, 329.30, 332.39, 329.30, 332.38
1976, 10, 28048, 1976.7896, 328.94, 332.11, 329.35, 332.50, 328.94, 332.11
1976, 11, 28079, 1976.8743, 330.31, 332.29, 330.67, 332.63, 330.31, 332.29
1976, 12, 28109, 1976.9563, 331.68, 332.49, 331.98, 332.77, 331.68, 332.49
1977, 01, 28140, 1977.0411, 332.93, 332.88, 332.98, 332.93, 332.93, 332.88
1977, 02, 28171, 1977.1260, 333.42, 332.75, 333.78, 333.11, 333.42, 332.75
1977, 03, 28199, 1977.2027, 334.70, 333.35, 334.64, 333.27, 334.70, 333.35
1977, 04, 28230, 1977.2877, 336.07, 333.62, 335.93, 333.46, 336.07, 333.62
1977, 05, 28260, 1977.3699, 336.75, 333.76, 336.62, 333.64, 336.75, 333.76
1977, 06, 28291, 1977.4548, 336.27, 334.01, 336.06, 333.82, 336.27, 334.01
1977, 07, 28321, 1977.5370, 334.92, 334.20, 334.67, 333.99, 334.92, 334.20
1977, 08, 28352, 1977.6219, 332.75, 334.10, 332.77, 334.15, 332.75, 334.10
1977, 09, 28383, 1977.7068, 331.59, 334.66, 331.22, 334.31, 331.59, 334.66
1977, 10, 28413, 1977.7890, 331.16, 334.35, 331.28, 334.46, 331.16, 334.35
1977, 11, 28444, 1977.8740, 332.40, 334.40, 332.63, 334.60, 332.40, 334.40
1977, 12, 28474, 1977.9562, 333.85, 334.66, 333.94, 334.74, 333.85, 334.66
1978, 01, 28505, 1978.0411, 334.97, 334.93, 334.93, 334.88, 334.97, 334.93
1978, 02, 28536, 1978.1260, 335.38, 334.72, 335.69, 335.01, 335.38, 334.72
1978, 03, 28564, 1978.2027, 336.64, 335.28, 336.50, 335.13, 336.64, 335.28
1978, 04, 28595, 1978.2877, 337.76, 335.30, 337.73, 335.25, 337.76, 335.30
1978, 05, 28625, 1978.3699, 338.01, 335.02, 338.37, 335.37, 338.01, 335.02
1978, 06, 28656, 1978.4548, 337.90, 335.63, 337.73, 335.49, 337.90, 335.63
1978, 07, 28686, 1978.5370, 336.54, 335.82, 336.29, 335.60, 336.54, 335.82
1978, 08, 28717, 1978.6219, 334.68, 336.03, 334.31, 335.70, 334.68, 336.03
1978, 09, 28748, 1978.7068, 332.76, 335.84, 332.70, 335.80, 332.76, 335.84
1978, 10, 28778, 1978.7890, 332.55, 335.74, 332.71, 335.89, 332.55, 335.74
1978, 11, 28809, 1978.8740, 333.92, 335.92, 334.01, 335.99, 333.92, 335.92
1978, 12, 28839, 1978.9562, 334.95, 335.77, 335.28, 336.08, 334.95, 335.77
1979, 01, 28870, 1979.0411, 336.23, 336.19, 336.24, 336.19, 336.23, 336.19
1979, 02, 28901, 1979.1260, 336.76, 336.09, 336.98, 336.30, 336.76, 336.09
1979, 03, 28929, 1979.2027, 337.96, 336.60, 337.79, 336.41, 337.96, 336.60
1979, 04, 28960, 1979.2877, 338.88, 336.41, 339.03, 336.54, 338.88, 336.41
1979, 05, 28990, 1979.3699, 339.47, 336.47, 339.67, 336.67, 339.47, 336.47
1979, 06, 29021, 1979.4548, 339.29, 337.01, 339.06, 336.80, 339.29, 337.01
1979, 07, 29051, 1979.5370, 337.73, 337.01, 337.63, 336.94, 337.73, 337.01
1979, 08, 29082, 1979.6219, 336.09, 337.44, 335.69, 337.08, 336.09, 337.44
1979, 09, 29113, 1979.7068, 333.92, 337.01, 334.11, 337.22, 333.92, 337.01
1979, 10, 29143, 1979.7890, 333.86, 337.07, 334.17, 337.37, 333.86, 337.07
1979, 11, 29174, 1979.8740, 335.29, 337.30, 335.54, 337.52, 335.29, 337.30
1979, 12, 29204, 1979.9562, 336.73, 337.55, 336.88, 337.68, 336.73, 337.55
1980, 01, 29235, 1980.0410, 338.01, 337.97, 337.90, 337.85, 338.01, 337.97
1980, 02, 29266, 1980.1257, 338.36, 337.69, 338.70, 338.02, 338.36, 337.69
1980, 03, 29295, 1980.2049, 340.07, 338.68, 339.58, 338.17, 340.07, 338.68
1980, 04, 29326, 1980.2896, 340.76, 338.26, 340.85, 338.33, 340.76, 338.26
1980, 05, 29356, 1980.3716, 341.47, 338.45, 341.50, 338.48, 341.47, 338.45
1980, 06, 29387, 1980.4563, 341.17, 338.91, 340.87, 338.63, 341.17, 338.91
1980, 07, 29417, 1980.5383, 339.56, 338.86, 339.43, 338.77, 339.56, 338.86
1980, 08, 29448, 1980.6230, 337.60, 338.99, 337.48, 338.90, 337.60, 338.99
1980, 09, 29479, 1980.7077, 335.88, 338.99, 335.89, 339.02, 335.88, 338.99
1980, 10, 29509, 1980.7896, 336.02, 339.23, 335.93, 339.13, 336.02, 339.23
1980, 11, 29540, 1980.8743, 337.10, 339.11, 337.25, 339.24, 337.10, 339.11
1980, 12, 29570, 1980.9563, 338.21, 339.04, 338.54, 339.34, 338.21, 339.04
1981, 01, 29601, 1981.0411, 339.24, 339.19, 339.50, 339.44, 339.24, 339.19
1981, 02, 29632, 1981.1260, 340.48, 339.81, 340.23, 339.55, 340.48, 339.81
1981, 03, 29660, 1981.2027, 341.38, 340.01, 341.02, 339.63, 341.38, 340.01
1981, 04, 29691, 1981.2877, 342.50, 340.02, 342.23, 339.72, 342.50, 340.02
1981, 05, 29721, 1981.3699, 342.91, 339.89, 342.83, 339.81, 342.91, 339.89
1981, 06, 29752, 1981.4548, 342.25, 339.96, 342.16, 339.89, 342.25, 339.96
1981, 07, 29782, 1981.5370, 340.49, 339.76, 340.67, 339.98, 340.49, 339.76
1981, 08, 29813, 1981.6219, 338.43, 339.80, 338.67, 340.07, 338.43, 339.80
1981, 09, 29844, 1981.7068, 336.69, 339.81, 337.03, 340.16, 336.69, 339.81
1981, 10, 29874, 1981.7890, 336.86, 340.08, 337.05, 340.26, 336.86, 340.08
1981, 11, 29905, 1981.8740, 338.36, 340.38, 338.38, 340.37, 338.36, 340.38
1981, 12, 29935, 1981.9562, 339.61, 340.44, 339.67, 340.48, 339.61, 340.44
1982, 01, 29966, 1982.0411, 340.75, 340.71, 340.65, 340.59, 340.75, 340.71
1982, 02, 29997, 1982.1260, 341.61, 340.94, 341.38, 340.70, 341.61, 340.94
1982, 03, 30025, 1982.2027, 342.70, 341.32, 342.18, 340.79, 342.70, 341.32
1982, 04, 30056, 1982.2877, 343.57, 341.07, 343.39, 340.88, 343.57, 341.07
1982, 05, 30086, 1982.3699, 344.14, 341.10, 344.00, 340.96, 344.14, 341.10
1982, 06, 30117, 1982.4548, 343.35, 341.05, 343.32, 341.04, 343.35, 341.05
1982, 07, 30147, 1982.5370, 342.06, 341.32, 341.82, 341.12, 342.06, 341.32
1982, 08, 30178, 1982.6219, 339.81, 341.18, 339.79, 341.20, 339.81, 341.18
1982, 09, 30209, 1982.7068, 337.98, 341.10, 338.14, 341.28, 337.98, 341.10
1982, 10, 30239, 1982.7890, 337.86, 341.10, 338.15, 341.38, 337.86, 341.10
1982, 11, 30270, 1982.8740, 339.26, 341.29, 339.49, 341.49, 339.26, 341.29
1982, 12, 30300, 1982.9562, 340.49, 341.32, 340.81, 341.62, 340.49, 341.32
1983, 01, 30331, 1983.0411, 341.38, 341.33, 341.83, 341.78, 341.38, 341.33
1983, 02, 30362, 1983.1260, 342.52, 341.84, 342.64, 341.95, 342.52, 341.84
1983, 03, 30390, 1983.2027, 343.10, 341.71, 343.51, 342.11, 343.10, 341.71
1983, 04, 30421, 1983.2877, 344.94, 342.44, 344.83, 342.31, 344.94, 342.44
1983, 05, 30451, 1983.3699, 345.76, 342.71, 345.54, 342.50, 345.76, 342.71
1983, 06, 30482, 1983.4548, 345.32, 343.01, 344.97, 342.69, 345.32, 343.01
1983, 07, 30512, 1983.5370, 343.98, 343.25, 343.56, 342.86, 343.98, 343.25
1983, 08, 30543, 1983.6219, 342.38, 343.75, 341.62, 343.03, 342.38, 343.75
1983, 09, 30574, 1983.7068, 339.87, 343.00, 340.04, 343.19, 339.87, 343.00
1983, 10, 30604, 1983.7890, 339.99, 343.24, 340.10, 343.34, 339.99, 343.24
1983, 11, 30635, 1983.8740, 341.15, 343.19, 341.47, 343.48, 341.15, 343.19
1983, 12, 30665, 1983.9562, 342.99, 343.82, 342.81, 343.62, 342.99, 343.82
1984, 01, 30696, 1984.0410, 343.70, 343.66, 343.81, 343.76, 343.70, 343.66
1984, 02, 30727, 1984.1257, 344.50, 343.83, 344.58, 343.89, 344.50, 343.83
1984, 03, 30756, 1984.2049, 345.28, 343.87, 345.44, 344.01, 345.28, 343.87
1984, 04, 30787, 1984.2896, 347.05, 344.52, 346.70, 344.14, 347.05, 344.52
1984, 05, 30817, 1984.3716, 347.43, 344.38, 347.32, 344.26, 347.43, 344.38
1984, 06, 30848, 1984.4563, 346.80, 344.51, 346.65, 344.39, 346.80, 344.51
1984, 07, 30878, 1984.5383, 345.39, 344.69, 345.18, 344.50, 345.39, 344.69
1984, 08, 30909, 1984.6230, 343.28, 344.68, 343.18, 344.62, 343.28, 344.68
1984, 09, 30940, 1984.7077, 341.07, 344.23, 341.57, 344.74, 341.07, 344.23
1984, 10, 30970, 1984.7896, 341.35, 344.60, 341.62, 344.86, 341.35, 344.60
1984, 11, 31001, 1984.8743, 342.98, 345.01, 342.98, 344.99, 342.98, 345.01
1984, 12, 31031, 1984.9563, 344.22, 345.05, 344.30, 345.12, 344.22, 345.05
1985, 01, 31062, 1985.0411, 344.97, 344.93, 345.31, 345.25, 344.97, 344.93
1985, 02, 31093, 1985.1260, 345.99, 345.31, 346.08, 345.39, 345.99, 345.31
1985, 03, 31121, 1985.2027, 347.42, 346.03, 346.91, 345.50, 347.42, 346.03
1985, 04, 31152, 1985.2877, 348.35, 345.83, 348.16, 345.62, 348.35, 345.83
1985, 05, 31182, 1985.3699, 348.93, 345.86, 348.80, 345.73, 348.93, 345.86
1985, 06, 31213, 1985.4548, 348.25, 345.93, 348.13, 345.83, 348.25, 345.93
1985, 07, 31243, 1985.5370, 346.56, 345.82, 346.63, 345.93, 346.56, 345.82
1985, 08, 31274, 1985.6219, 344.67, 346.06, 344.60, 346.02, 344.67, 346.06
1985, 09, 31305, 1985.7068, 343.09, 346.24, 342.93, 346.10, 343.09, 346.24
1985, 10, 31335, 1985.7890, 342.80, 346.07, 342.93, 346.19, 342.80, 346.07
1985, 11, 31366, 1985.8740, 344.24, 346.29, 344.26, 346.28, 344.24, 346.29
1985, 12, 31396, 1985.9562, 345.56, 346.39, 345.55, 346.37, 345.56, 346.39
1986, 01, 31427, 1986.0411, 346.30, 346.25, 346.53, 346.47, 346.30, 346.25
1986, 02, 31458, 1986.1260, 346.95, 346.27, 347.28, 346.58, 346.95, 346.27
1986, 03, 31486, 1986.2027, 347.85, 346.46, 348.10, 346.69, 347.85, 346.46
1986, 04, 31517, 1986.2877, 349.55, 347.02, 349.36, 346.81, 349.55, 347.02
1986, 05, 31547, 1986.3699, 350.22, 347.14, 350.01, 346.93, 350.22, 347.14
1986, 06, 31578, 1986.4548, 349.55, 347.23, 349.37, 347.06, 349.55, 347.23
1986, 07, 31608, 1986.5370, 347.94, 347.20, 347.89, 347.18, 347.94, 347.20
1986, 08, 31639, 1986.6219, 345.90, 347.29, 345.89, 347.31, 345.90, 347.29
1986, 09, 31670, 1986.7068, 344.85, 348.02, 344.26, 347.44, 344.85, 348.02
1986, 10, 31700, 1986.7890, 344.17, 347.45, 344.30, 347.56, 344.17, 347.45
1986, 11, 31731, 1986.8740, 345.66, 347.71, 345.66, 347.70, 345.66, 347.71
1986, 12, 31761, 1986.9562, 346.90, 347.74, 347.01, 347.83, 346.90, 347.74
1987, 01, 31792, 1987.0411, 348.02, 347.98, 348.03, 347.97, 348.02, 347.98
1987, 02, 31823, 1987.1260, 348.48, 347.79, 348.83, 348.13, 348.48, 347.79
1987, 03, 31851, 1987.2027, 349.42, 348.01, 349.70, 348.29, 349.42, 348.01
1987, 04, 31882, 1987.2877, 350.98, 348.45, 351.02, 348.47, 350.98, 348.45
1987, 05, 31912, 1987.3699, 351.85, 348.76, 351.74, 348.66, 351.85, 348.76
1987, 06, 31943, 1987.4548, 351.26, 348.92, 351.17, 348.86, 351.26, 348.92
1987, 07, 31973, 1987.5370, 349.51, 348.77, 349.77, 349.06, 349.51, 348.77
1987, 08, 32004, 1987.6219, 348.10, 349.49, 347.85, 349.28, 348.10, 349.49
1987, 09, 32035, 1987.7068, 346.45, 349.62, 346.31, 349.50, 346.45, 349.62
1987, 10, 32065, 1987.7890, 346.36, 349.65, 346.44, 349.72, 346.36, 349.65
1987, 11, 32096, 1987.8740, 347.81, 349.87, 347.90, 349.94, 347.81, 349.87
1987, 12, 32126, 1987.9562, 348.96, 349.81, 349.34, 350.16, 348.96, 349.81
1988, 01, 32157, 1988.0410, 350.43, 350.39, 350.44, 350.39, 350.43, 350.39
1988, 02, 32188, 1988.1257, 351.73, 351.04, 351.31, 350.61, 351.73, 351.04
1988, 03, 32217, 1988.2049, 352.22, 350.79, 352.26, 350.81, 352.22, 350.79
1988, 04, 32248, 1988.2896, 353.59, 351.02, 353.61, 351.02, 353.59, 351.02
1988, 05, 32278, 1988.3716, 354.22, 351.12, 354.31, 351.21, 354.22, 351.12
1988, 06, 32309, 1988.4563, 353.80, 351.48, 353.70, 351.40, 353.80, 351.48
1988, 07, 32339, 1988.5383, 352.38, 351.66, 352.26, 351.57, 352.38, 351.66
1988, 08, 32370, 1988.6230, 350.43, 351.85, 350.28, 351.74, 350.43, 351.85
1988, 09, 32401, 1988.7077, 348.73, 351.92, 348.68, 351.89, 348.73, 351.92
1988, 10, 32431, 1988.7896, 348.88, 352.18, 348.74, 352.03, 348.88, 352.18
1988, 11, 32462, 1988.8743, 350.07, 352.13, 350.12, 352.16, 350.07, 352.13
1988, 12, 32492, 1988.9563, 351.34, 352.19, 351.45, 352.28, 351.34, 352.19
1989, 01, 32523, 1989.0411, 352.76, 352.72, 352.44, 352.39, 352.76, 352.72
1989, 02, 32554, 1989.1260, 353.07, 352.38, 353.20, 352.50, 353.07, 352.38
1989, 03, 32582, 1989.2027, 353.68, 352.27, 354.02, 352.59, 353.68, 352.27
1989, 04, 32613, 1989.2877, 355.42, 352.86, 355.26, 352.69, 355.42, 352.86
1989, 05, 32643, 1989.3699, 355.67, 352.56, 355.90, 352.79, 355.67, 352.56
1989, 06, 32674, 1989.4548, 355.12, 352.77, 355.22, 352.89, 355.12, 352.77
1989, 07, 32704, 1989.5370, 353.90, 353.15, 353.70, 352.99, 353.90, 353.15
1989, 08, 32735, 1989.6219, 351.67, 353.07, 351.65, 353.08, 351.67, 353.07
1989, 09, 32766, 1989.7068, 349.81, 353.00, 349.97, 353.18, 349.81, 353.00
1989, 10, 32796, 1989.7890, 349.99, 353.30, 349.98, 353.28, 349.99, 353.30
1989, 11, 32827, 1989.8740, 351.30, 353.37, 351.33, 353.38, 351.30, 353.37
1989, 12, 32857, 1989.9562, 352.52, 353.37, 352.64, 353.48, 352.52, 353.37
1990, 01, 32888, 1990.0411, 353.66, 353.62, 353.63, 353.58, 353.66, 353.62
1990, 02, 32919, 1990.1260, 354.70, 354.01, 354.38, 353.68, 354.70, 354.01
1990, 03, 32947, 1990.2027, 355.38, 353.97, 355.20, 353.77, 355.38, 353.97
1990, 04, 32978, 1990.2877, 356.20, 353.64, 356.45, 353.88, 356.20, 353.64
1990, 05, 33008, 1990.3699, 357.16, 354.04, 357.10, 353.98, 357.16, 354.04
1990, 06, 33039, 1990.4548, 356.23, 353.87, 356.43, 354.09, 356.23, 353.87
1990, 07, 33069, 1990.5370, 354.81, 354.06, 354.93, 354.21, 354.81, 354.06
1990, 08, 33100, 1990.6219, 352.91, 354.31, 352.90, 354.35, 352.91, 354.31
1990, 09, 33131, 1990.7068, 350.96, 354.17, 351.26, 354.49, 350.96, 354.17
1990, 10, 33161, 1990.7890, 351.18, 354.50, 351.32, 354.63, 351.18, 354.50
1990, 11, 33192, 1990.8740, 352.83, 354.91, 352.72, 354.78, 352.83, 354.91
1990, 12, 33222, 1990.9562, 354.21, 355.06, 354.09, 354.93, 354.21, 355.06
1991, 01, 33253, 1991.0411, 354.72, 354.68, 355.13, 355.07, 354.72, 354.68
1991, 02, 33284, 1991.1260, 355.75, 355.05, 355.92, 355.21, 355.75, 355.05
1991, 03, 33312, 1991.2027, 357.16, 355.74, 356.77, 355.33, 357.16, 355.74
1991, 04, 33343, 1991.2877, 358.60, 356.03, 358.03, 355.45, 358.60, 356.03
1991, 05, 33373, 1991.3699, 359.34, 356.21, 358.67, 355.54, 359.34, 356.21
1991, 06, 33404, 1991.4548, 358.24, 355.87, 357.96, 355.62, 358.24, 355.87
1991, 07, 33434, 1991.5370, 356.17, 355.42, 356.40, 355.68, 356.17, 355.42
1991, 08, 33465, 1991.6219, 354.01, 355.42, 354.30, 355.74, 354.01, 355.42
1991, 09, 33496, 1991.7068, 352.15, 355.37, 352.56, 355.80, 352.15, 355.37
1991, 10, 33526, 1991.7890, 352.21, 355.55, 352.54, 355.86, 352.21, 355.55
1991, 11, 33557, 1991.8740, 353.75, 355.83, 353.86, 355.92, 353.75, 355.83
1991, 12, 33587, 1991.9562, 354.99, 355.85, 355.15, 355.99, 354.99, 355.85
1992, 01, 33618, 1992.0410, 355.99, 355.94, 356.12, 356.06, 355.99, 355.94
1992, 02, 33649, 1992.1257, 356.72, 356.03, 356.84, 356.13, 356.72, 356.03
1992, 03, 33678, 1992.2049, 357.81, 356.36, 357.66, 356.20, 357.81, 356.36
1992, 04, 33709, 1992.2896, 359.15, 356.55, 358.88, 356.26, 359.15, 356.55
1992, 05, 33739, 1992.3716, 359.66, 356.53, 359.45, 356.31, 359.66, 356.53
1992, 06, 33770, 1992.4563, 359.25, 356.90, 358.69, 356.36, 359.25, 356.90
1992, 07, 33800, 1992.5383, 357.02, 356.30, 357.09, 356.39, 357.02, 356.30
1992, 08, 33831, 1992.6230, 355.00, 356.44, 354.95, 356.43, 355.00, 356.44
1992, 09, 33862, 1992.7077, 353.01, 356.25, 353.20, 356.46, 353.01, 356.25
1992, 10, 33892, 1992.7896, 353.31, 356.65, 353.16, 356.49, 353.31, 356.65
1992, 11, 33923, 1992.8743, 354.16, 356.25, 354.46, 356.53, 354.16, 356.25
1992, 12, 33953, 1992.9563, 355.40, 356.25, 355.73, 356.57, 355.40, 356.25
1993, 01, 33984, 1993.0411, 356.70, 356.66, 356.68, 356.62, 356.70, 356.66
1993, 02, 34015, 1993.1260, 357.17, 356.46, 357.39, 356.68, 357.17, 356.46
1993, 03, 34043, 1993.2027, 358.38, 356.95, 358.19, 356.74, 358.38, 356.95
1993, 04, 34074, 1993.2877, 359.46, 356.88, 359.42, 356.82, 359.46, 356.88
1993, 05, 34104, 1993.3699, 360.28, 357.13, 360.05, 356.90, 360.28, 357.13
1993, 06, 34135, 1993.4548, 359.60, 357.21, 359.35, 356.99, 359.60, 357.21
1993, 07, 34165, 1993.5370, 357.57, 356.81, 357.81, 357.09, 357.57, 356.81
1993, 08, 34196, 1993.6219, 355.52, 356.94, 355.75, 357.20, 355.52, 356.94
1993, 09, 34227, 1993.7068, 353.69, 356.93, 354.07, 357.33, 353.69, 356.93
1993, 10, 34257, 1993.7890, 353.99, 357.34, 354.12, 357.46, 353.99, 357.34
1993, 11, 34288, 1993.8740, 355.34, 357.44, 355.54, 357.62, 355.34, 357.44
1993, 12, 34318, 1993.9562, 356.80, 357.66, 356.93, 357.77, 356.80, 357.66
1994, 01, 34349, 1994.0411, 358.37, 358.32, 358.00, 357.94, 358.37, 358.32
1994, 02, 34380, 1994.1260, 358.91, 358.21, 358.82, 358.11, 358.91, 358.21
1994, 03, 34408, 1994.2027, 359.97, 358.53, 359.71, 358.26, 359.97, 358.53
1994, 04, 34439, 1994.2877, 361.26, 358.67, 361.04, 358.43, 361.26, 358.67
1994, 05, 34469, 1994.3699, 361.69, 358.53, 361.75, 358.59, 361.69, 358.53
1994, 06, 34500, 1994.4548, 360.94, 358.56, 361.12, 358.76, 360.94, 358.56
1994, 07, 34530, 1994.5370, 359.55, 358.79, 359.65, 358.92, 359.55, 358.79
1994, 08, 34561, 1994.6219, 357.48, 358.90, 357.63, 359.09, 357.48, 358.90
1994, 09, 34592, 1994.7068, 355.84, 359.09, 356.00, 359.27, 355.84, 359.09
1994, 10, 34622, 1994.7890, 356.00, 359.36, 356.09, 359.44, 356.00, 359.36
1994, 11, 34653, 1994.8740, 357.58, 359.69, 357.54, 359.63, 357.58, 359.69
1994, 12, 34683, 1994.9562, 359.04, 359.90, 358.96, 359.81, 359.04, 359.90
1995, 01, 34714, 1995.0411, 359.97, 359.93, 360.05, 359.99, 359.97, 359.93
1995, 02, 34745, 1995.1260, 361.00, 360.30, 360.89, 360.17, 361.00, 360.30
1995, 03, 34773, 1995.2027, 361.63, 360.20, 361.78, 360.33, 361.63, 360.20
1995, 04, 34804, 1995.2877, 363.45, 360.85, 363.12, 360.50, 363.45, 360.85
1995, 05, 34834, 1995.3699, 363.80, 360.63, 363.83, 360.67, 363.80, 360.63
1995, 06, 34865, 1995.4548, 363.26, 360.87, 363.21, 360.83, 363.26, 360.87
1995, 07, 34895, 1995.5370, 361.89, 361.13, 361.72, 360.99, 361.89, 361.13
1995, 08, 34926, 1995.6219, 359.45, 360.88, 359.69, 361.15, 359.45, 360.88
1995, 09, 34957, 1995.7068, 358.05, 361.31, 358.03, 361.31, 358.05, 361.31
1995, 10, 34987, 1995.7890, 357.75, 361.13, 358.10, 361.47, 357.75, 361.13
1995, 11, 35018, 1995.8740, 359.56, 361.68, 359.54, 361.63, 359.56, 361.68
1995, 12, 35048, 1995.9562, 360.70, 361.56, 360.93, 361.78, 360.70, 361.56
1996, 01, 35079, 1996.0410, 362.05, 362.01, 361.99, 361.94, 362.05, 362.01
1996, 02, 35110, 1996.1257, 363.24, 362.54, 362.80, 362.08, 363.24, 362.54
1996, 03, 35139, 1996.2049, 364.02, 362.55, 363.69, 362.21, 364.02, 362.55
1996, 04, 35170, 1996.2896, 364.71, 362.08, 364.99, 362.33, 364.71, 362.08
1996, 05, 35200, 1996.3716, 365.42, 362.24, 365.62, 362.45, 365.42, 362.24
1996, 06, 35231, 1996.4563, 364.97, 362.59, 364.92, 362.56, 364.97, 362.59
1996, 07, 35261, 1996.5383, 363.65, 362.92, 363.36, 362.65, 363.65, 362.92
1996, 08, 35292, 1996.6230, 361.48, 362.94, 361.25, 362.75, 361.48, 362.94
1996, 09, 35323, 1996.7077, 359.45, 362.73, 359.53, 362.83, 359.45, 362.73
1996, 10, 35353, 1996.7896, 359.61, 362.99, 359.54, 362.91, 359.61, 362.99
1996, 11, 35384, 1996.8743, 360.76, 362.87, 360.90, 362.99, 360.76, 362.87
1996, 12, 35414, 1996.9563, 362.33, 363.19, 362.22, 363.07, 362.33, 363.19
1997, 01, 35445, 1997.0411, 363.18, 363.14, 363.20, 363.15, 363.18, 363.14
1997, 02, 35476, 1997.1260, 363.99, 363.28, 363.95, 363.23, 363.99, 363.28
1997, 03, 35504, 1997.2027, 364.56, 363.12, 364.78, 363.32, 364.56, 363.12
1997, 04, 35535, 1997.2877, 366.36, 363.74, 366.06, 363.42, 366.36, 363.74
1997, 05, 35565, 1997.3699, 366.80, 363.61, 366.73, 363.54, 366.80, 363.61
1997, 06, 35596, 1997.4548, 365.63, 363.22, 366.06, 363.67, 365.63, 363.22
1997, 07, 35626, 1997.5370, 364.47, 363.70, 364.56, 363.82, 364.47, 363.70
1997, 08, 35657, 1997.6219, 362.50, 363.94, 362.53, 364.00, 362.50, 363.94
1997, 09, 35688, 1997.7068, 360.19, 363.47, 360.90, 364.20, 360.19, 363.47
1997, 10, 35718, 1997.7890, 360.77, 364.17, 361.03, 364.42, 360.77, 364.17
1997, 11, 35749, 1997.8740, 362.43, 364.56, 362.56, 364.66, 362.43, 364.56
1997, 12, 35779, 1997.9562, 364.28, 365.15, 364.06, 364.91, 364.28, 365.15
1998, 01, 35810, 1998.0411, 365.33, 365.29, 365.24, 365.18, 365.33, 365.29
1998, 02, 35841, 1998.1260, 366.15, 365.44, 366.18, 365.46, 366.15, 365.44
1998, 03, 35869, 1998.2027, 367.31, 365.86, 367.17, 365.71, 367.31, 365.86
1998, 04, 35900, 1998.2877, 368.61, 365.99, 368.63, 365.98, 368.61, 365.99
1998, 05, 35930, 1998.3699, 369.30, 366.10, 369.44, 366.24, 369.30, 366.10
1998, 06, 35961, 1998.4548, 368.88, 366.46, 368.90, 366.51, 368.88, 366.46
1998, 07, 35991, 1998.5370, 367.64, 366.87, 367.48, 366.75, 367.64, 366.87
1998, 08, 36022, 1998.6219, 365.78, 367.22, 365.51, 366.98, 365.78, 367.22
1998, 09, 36053, 1998.7068, 363.90, 367.19, 363.89, 367.20, 363.90, 367.19
1998, 10, 36083, 1998.7890, 364.23, 367.64, 364.00, 367.39, 364.23, 367.64
1998, 11, 36114, 1998.8740, 365.46, 367.59, 365.46, 367.57, 365.46, 367.59
1998, 12, 36144, 1998.9562, 366.97, 367.84, 366.86, 367.72, 366.97, 367.84
1999, 01, 36175, 1999.0411, 368.15, 368.11, 367.91, 367.85, 368.15, 368.11
1999, 02, 36206, 1999.1260, 368.87, 368.16, 368.69, 367.96, 368.87, 368.16
1999, 03, 36234, 1999.2027, 369.59, 368.13, 369.52, 368.05, 369.59, 368.13
1999, 04, 36265, 1999.2877, 371.14, 368.50, 370.78, 368.13, 371.14, 368.50
1999, 05, 36295, 1999.3699, 371.00, 367.79, 371.41, 368.20, 371.00, 367.79
1999, 06, 36326, 1999.4548, 370.35, 367.93, 370.67, 368.27, 370.35, 367.93
1999, 07, 36356, 1999.5370, 369.27, 368.49, 369.07, 368.33, 369.27, 368.49
1999, 08, 36387, 1999.6219, 366.93, 368.37, 366.92, 368.40, 366.93, 368.37
1999, 09, 36418, 1999.7068, 364.64, 367.94, 365.16, 368.48, 364.64, 367.94
1999, 10, 36448, 1999.7890, 365.13, 368.55, 365.15, 368.56, 365.13, 368.55
1999, 11, 36479, 1999.8740, 366.68, 368.82, 366.53, 368.64, 366.68, 368.82
1999, 12, 36509, 1999.9562, 368.00, 368.88, 367.87, 368.73, 368.00, 368.88
2000, 01, 36540, 2000.0410, 369.14, 369.09, 368.88, 368.82, 369.14, 369.09
2000, 02, 36571, 2000.1257, 369.46, 368.75, 369.64, 368.91, 369.46, 368.75
2000, 03, 36600, 2000.2049, 370.51, 369.02, 370.51, 369.01, 370.51, 369.02
2000, 04, 36631, 2000.2896, 371.66, 368.99, 371.81, 369.12, 371.66, 368.99
2000, 05, 36661, 2000.3716, 371.83, 368.61, 372.45, 369.23, 371.83, 368.61
2000, 06, 36692, 2000.4563, 371.69, 369.28, 371.75, 369.36, 371.69, 369.28
2000, 07, 36722, 2000.5383, 370.12, 369.37, 370.21, 369.50, 370.12, 369.37
2000, 08, 36753, 2000.6230, 368.12, 369.60, 368.13, 369.64, 368.12, 369.60
2000, 09, 36784, 2000.7077, 366.62, 369.94, 366.45, 369.79, 366.62, 369.94
2000, 10, 36814, 2000.7896, 366.73, 370.15, 366.52, 369.93, 366.73, 370.15
2000, 11, 36845, 2000.8743, 368.29, 370.43, 367.95, 370.07, 368.29, 370.43
2000, 12, 36875, 2000.9563, 369.53, 370.40, 369.34, 370.20, 369.53, 370.40
2001, 01, 36906, 2001.0411, 370.28, 370.24, 370.38, 370.33, 370.28, 370.24
2001, 02, 36937, 2001.1260, 371.50, 370.78, 371.18, 370.45, 371.50, 370.78
2001, 03, 36965, 2001.2027, 372.12, 370.65, 372.04, 370.56, 372.12, 370.65
2001, 04, 36996, 2001.2877, 372.86, 370.21, 373.34, 370.67, 372.86, 370.21
2001, 05, 37026, 2001.3699, 374.02, 370.79, 374.02, 370.79, 374.02, 370.79
2001, 06, 37057, 2001.4548, 373.31, 370.87, 373.34, 370.92, 373.31, 370.87
2001, 07, 37087, 2001.5370, 371.62, 370.84, 371.80, 371.06, 371.62, 370.84
2001, 08, 37118, 2001.6219, 369.55, 371.00, 369.71, 371.20, 369.55, 371.00
2001, 09, 37149, 2001.7068, 367.96, 371.28, 368.01, 371.35, 367.96, 371.28
2001, 10, 37179, 2001.7890, 368.09, 371.54, 368.08, 371.51, 368.09, 371.54
2001, 11, 37210, 2001.8740, 369.68, 371.84, 369.54, 371.67, 369.68, 371.84
2001, 12, 37240, 2001.9562, 371.24, 372.12, 370.97, 371.83, 371.24, 372.12
2002, 01, 37271, 2002.0411, 372.44, 372.39, 372.06, 372.00, 372.44, 372.39
2002, 02, 37302, 2002.1260, 373.08, 372.36, 372.91, 372.17, 373.08, 372.36
2002, 03, 37330, 2002.2027, 373.52, 372.05, 373.82, 372.34, 373.52, 372.05
2002, 04, 37361, 2002.2877, 374.85, 372.19, 375.20, 372.52, 374.85, 372.19
2002, 05, 37391, 2002.3699, 375.55, 372.31, 375.95, 372.71, 375.55, 372.31
2002, 06, 37422, 2002.4548, 375.40, 372.95, 375.35, 372.92, 375.40, 372.95
2002, 07, 37452, 2002.5370, 374.02, 373.24, 373.88, 373.14, 374.02, 373.24
2002, 08, 37483, 2002.6219, 371.48, 372.94, 371.87, 373.36, 371.48, 372.94
2002, 09, 37514, 2002.7068, 370.70, 374.03, 370.25, 373.60, 370.70, 374.03
2002, 10, 37544, 2002.7890, 370.25, 373.70, 370.39, 373.83, 370.25, 373.70
2002, 11, 37575, 2002.8740, 372.08, 374.24, 371.92, 374.06, 372.08, 374.24
2002, 12, 37605, 2002.9562, 373.78, 374.67, 373.42, 374.28, 373.78, 374.67
2003, 01, 37636, 2003.0411, 374.68, 374.64, 374.56, 374.51, 374.68, 374.64
2003, 02, 37667, 2003.1260, 375.62, 374.90, 375.46, 374.72, 375.62, 374.90
2003, 03, 37695, 2003.2027, 376.11, 374.63, 376.41, 374.92, 376.11, 374.63
2003, 04, 37726, 2003.2877, 377.65, 374.98, 377.82, 375.13, 377.65, 374.98
2003, 05, 37756, 2003.3699, 378.35, 375.11, 378.58, 375.33, 378.35, 375.11
2003, 06, 37787, 2003.4548, 378.13, 375.67, 377.97, 375.53, 378.13, 375.67
2003, 07, 37817, 2003.5370, 376.60, 375.82, 376.48, 375.73, 376.60, 375.82
2003, 08, 37848, 2003.6219, 374.48, 375.95, 374.42, 375.92, 374.48, 375.95
2003, 09, 37879, 2003.7068, 372.98, 376.32, 372.74, 376.10, 372.98, 376.32
2003, 10, 37909, 2003.7890, 373.00, 376.46, 372.81, 376.26, 373.00, 376.46
2003, 11, 37940, 2003.8740, 374.35, 376.51, 374.28, 376.42, 374.35, 376.51
2003, 12, 37970, 2003.9562, 375.69, 376.57, 375.70, 376.57, 375.69, 376.57
2004, 01, 38001, 2004.0410, 376.79, 376.74, 376.77, 376.71, 376.79, 376.74
2004, 02, 38032, 2004.1257, 377.37, 376.64, 377.57, 376.84, 377.37, 376.64
2004, 03, 38061, 2004.2049, 378.39, 376.89, 378.48, 376.96, 378.39, 376.89
2004, 04, 38092, 2004.2896, 380.50, 377.80, 379.80, 377.08, 380.50, 377.80
2004, 05, 38122, 2004.3716, 380.62, 377.36, 380.45, 377.19, 380.62, 377.36
2004, 06, 38153, 2004.4563, 379.55, 377.11, 379.73, 377.31, 379.55, 377.11
2004, 07, 38183, 2004.5383, 377.76, 377.01, 378.15, 377.43, 377.76, 377.01
2004, 08, 38214, 2004.6230, 375.83, 377.33, 376.03, 377.56, 375.83, 377.33
2004, 09, 38245, 2004.7077, 374.05, 377.41, 374.33, 377.72, 374.05, 377.41
2004, 10, 38275, 2004.7896, 374.22, 377.69, 374.42, 377.88, 374.22, 377.69
2004, 11, 38306, 2004.8743, 375.84, 378.01, 375.91, 378.06, 375.84, 378.01
2004, 12, 38336, 2004.9563, 377.44, 378.33, 377.37, 378.24, 377.44, 378.33
2005, 01, 38367, 2005.0411, 378.34, 378.29, 378.51, 378.45, 378.34, 378.29
2005, 02, 38398, 2005.1260, 379.61, 378.88, 379.40, 378.66, 379.61, 378.88
2005, 03, 38426, 2005.2027, 380.08, 378.60, 380.36, 378.86, 380.08, 378.60
2005, 04, 38457, 2005.2877, 382.05, 379.36, 381.78, 379.08, 382.05, 379.36
2005, 05, 38487, 2005.3699, 382.24, 378.97, 382.56, 379.29, 382.24, 378.97
2005, 06, 38518, 2005.4548, 382.08, 379.61, 381.96, 379.51, 382.08, 379.61
2005, 07, 38548, 2005.5370, 380.66, 379.88, 380.47, 379.72, 380.66, 379.88
2005, 08, 38579, 2005.6219, 378.67, 380.14, 378.43, 379.94, 378.67, 380.14
2005, 09, 38610, 2005.7068, 376.42, 379.78, 376.76, 380.15, 376.42, 379.78
2005, 10, 38640, 2005.7890, 376.80, 380.29, 376.87, 380.34, 376.80, 380.29
2005, 11, 38671, 2005.8740, 378.31, 380.49, 378.39, 380.54, 378.31, 380.49
2005, 12, 38701, 2005.9562, 379.96, 380.85, 379.86, 380.73, 379.96, 380.85
2006, 01, 38732, 2006.0411, 381.37, 381.32, 380.97, 380.91, 381.37, 381.32
2006, 02, 38763, 2006.1260, 382.02, 381.29, 381.82, 381.08, 382.02, 381.29
2006, 03, 38791, 2006.2027, 382.56, 381.07, 382.74, 381.23, 382.56, 381.07
2006, 04, 38822, 2006.2877, 384.36, 381.67, 384.10, 381.39, 384.36, 381.67
2006, 05, 38852, 2006.3699, 384.92, 381.64, 384.81, 381.53, 384.92, 381.64
2006, 06, 38883, 2006.4548, 384.03, 381.55, 384.14, 381.68, 384.03, 381.55
2006, 07, 38913, 2006.5370, 382.28, 381.49, 382.58, 381.82, 382.28, 381.49
2006, 08, 38944, 2006.6219, 380.48, 381.95, 380.46, 381.97, 380.48, 381.95
2006, 09, 38975, 2006.7068, 378.81, 382.18, 378.73, 382.12, 378.81, 382.18
2006, 10, 39005, 2006.7890, 379.06, 382.55, 378.78, 382.27, 379.06, 382.55
2006, 11, 39036, 2006.8740, 380.14, 382.33, 380.25, 382.42, 380.14, 382.33
2006, 12, 39066, 2006.9562, 381.66, 382.55, 381.69, 382.56, 381.66, 382.55
2007, 01, 39097, 2007.0411, 382.58, 382.54, 382.77, 382.71, 382.58, 382.54
2007, 02, 39128, 2007.1260, 383.71, 382.98, 383.61, 382.87, 383.71, 382.98
2007, 03, 39156, 2007.2027, 384.34, 382.84, 384.52, 383.01, 384.34, 382.84
2007, 04, 39187, 2007.2877, 386.23, 383.52, 385.89, 383.17, 386.23, 383.52
2007, 05, 39217, 2007.3699, 386.41, 383.12, 386.61, 383.33, 386.41, 383.12
2007, 06, 39248, 2007.4548, 385.87, 383.38, 385.95, 383.49, 385.87, 383.38
2007, 07, 39278, 2007.5370, 384.44, 383.65, 384.40, 383.65, 384.44, 383.65
2007, 08, 39309, 2007.6219, 381.84, 383.33, 382.29, 383.81, 381.84, 383.33
2007, 09, 39340, 2007.7068, 380.86, 384.25, 380.57, 383.98, 380.86, 384.25
2007, 10, 39370, 2007.7890, 380.86, 384.37, 380.64, 384.13, 380.86, 384.37
2007, 11, 39401, 2007.8740, 382.36, 384.55, 382.12, 384.29, 382.36, 384.55
2007, 12, 39431, 2007.9562, 383.61, 384.51, 383.56, 384.44, 383.61, 384.51
2008, 01, 39462, 2008.0410, 385.07, 385.02, 384.64, 384.58, 385.07, 385.02
2008, 02, 39493, 2008.1257, 385.84, 385.11, 385.47, 384.73, 385.84, 385.11
2008, 03, 39522, 2008.2049, 385.83, 384.31, 386.41, 384.86, 385.83, 384.31
2008, 04, 39553, 2008.2896, 386.77, 384.03, 387.77, 385.02, 386.77, 384.03
2008, 05, 39583, 2008.3716, 388.51, 385.21, 388.47, 385.18, 388.51, 385.21
2008, 06, 39614, 2008.4563, 388.05, 385.58, 387.79, 385.34, 388.05, 385.58
2008, 07, 39644, 2008.5383, 386.25, 385.49, 386.24, 385.51, 386.25, 385.49
2008, 08, 39675, 2008.6230, 384.08, 385.60, 384.13, 385.68, 384.08, 385.60
2008, 09, 39706, 2008.7077, 383.09, 386.49, 382.42, 385.85, 383.09, 386.49
2008, 10, 39736, 2008.7896, 382.78, 386.29, 382.51, 386.00, 382.78, 386.29
2008, 11, 39767, 2008.8743, 384.01, 386.21, 383.99, 386.16, 384.01, 386.21
2008, 12, 39797, 2008.9563, 385.11, 386.01, 385.43, 386.31, 385.11, 386.01
2009, 01, 39828, 2009.0411, 386.65, 386.61, 386.52, 386.47, 386.65, 386.61
2009, 02, 39859, 2009.1260, 387.12, 386.39, 387.37, 386.62, 387.12, 386.39
2009, 03, 39887, 2009.2027, 388.52, 387.02, 388.29, 386.77, 388.52, 387.02
2009, 04, 39918, 2009.2877, 389.57, 386.85, 389.67, 386.93, 389.57, 386.85
2009, 05, 39948, 2009.3699, 390.17, 386.86, 390.41, 387.10, 390.17, 386.86
2009, 06, 39979, 2009.4548, 389.62, 387.12, 389.76, 387.28, 389.62, 387.12
2009, 07, 40009, 2009.5370, 388.07, 387.27, 388.23, 387.47, 388.07, 387.27
2009, 08, 40040, 2009.6219, 386.08, 387.57, 386.14, 387.67, 386.08, 387.57
2009, 09, 40071, 2009.7068, 384.65, 388.06, 384.46, 387.88, 384.65, 388.06
2009, 10, 40101, 2009.7890, 384.33, 387.86, 384.58, 388.09, 384.33, 387.86
2009, 11, 40132, 2009.8740, 386.05, 388.26, 386.13, 388.31, 386.05, 388.26
2009, 12, 40162, 2009.9562, 387.49, 388.39, 387.65, 388.53, 387.49, 388.39
2010, 01, 40193, 2010.0411, 388.55, 388.51, 388.82, 388.76, 388.55, 388.51
2010, 02, 40224, 2010.1260, 390.07, 389.34, 389.73, 388.99, 390.07, 389.34
2010, 03, 40252, 2010.2027, 391.01, 389.51, 390.71, 389.18, 391.01, 389.51
2010, 04, 40283, 2010.2877, 392.38, 389.65, 392.13, 389.39, 392.38, 389.65
2010, 05, 40313, 2010.3699, 393.22, 389.90, 392.90, 389.58, 393.22, 389.90
2010, 06, 40344, 2010.4548, 392.24, 389.73, 392.25, 389.76, 392.24, 389.73
2010, 07, 40374, 2010.5370, 390.33, 389.53, 390.70, 389.94, 390.33, 389.53
2010, 08, 40405, 2010.6219, 388.52, 390.02, 388.57, 390.11, 388.52, 390.02
2010, 09, 40436, 2010.7068, 386.84, 390.25, 386.84, 390.27, 386.84, 390.25
2010, 10, 40466, 2010.7890, 387.16, 390.70, 386.90, 390.43, 387.16, 390.70
2010, 11, 40497, 2010.8740, 388.67, 390.88, 388.39, 390.58, 388.67, 390.88
2010, 12, 40527, 2010.9562, 389.81, 390.71, 389.82, 390.71, 389.81, 390.71
2011, 01, 40558, 2011.0411, 391.30, 391.25, 390.90, 390.84, 391.30, 391.25
2011, 02, 40589, 2011.1260, 391.92, 391.18, 391.73, 390.97, 391.92, 391.18
2011, 03, 40617, 2011.2027, 392.45, 390.94, 392.62, 391.09, 392.45, 390.94
2011, 04, 40648, 2011.2877, 393.37, 390.63, 393.98, 391.23, 393.37, 390.63
2011, 05, 40678, 2011.3699, 394.28, 390.95, 394.70, 391.37, 394.28, 390.95
2011, 06, 40709, 2011.4548, 393.69, 391.18, 394.02, 391.53, 393.69, 391.18
2011, 07, 40739, 2011.5370, 392.59, 391.79, 392.46, 391.69, 392.59, 391.79
2011, 08, 40770, 2011.6219, 390.21, 391.71, 390.33, 391.87, 390.21, 391.71
2011, 09, 40801, 2011.7068, 389.00, 392.43, 388.60, 392.05, 389.00, 392.43
2011, 10, 40831, 2011.7890, 388.93, 392.48, 388.69, 392.22, 388.93, 392.48
2011, 11, 40862, 2011.8740, 390.24, 392.46, 390.21, 392.41, 390.24, 392.46
2011, 12, 40892, 2011.9562, 391.80, 392.71, 391.69, 392.58, 391.80, 392.71
2012, 01, 40923, 2012.0410, 393.07, 393.03, 392.83, 392.77, 393.07, 393.03
2012, 02, 40954, 2012.1257, 393.35, 392.61, 393.71, 392.96, 393.35, 392.61
2012, 03, 40983, 2012.2049, 394.36, 392.81, 394.70, 393.14, 394.36, 392.81
2012, 04, 41014, 2012.2896, 396.43, 393.66, 396.13, 393.34, 396.43, 393.66
2012, 05, 41044, 2012.3716, 396.87, 393.53, 396.88, 393.54, 396.87, 393.53
2012, 06, 41075, 2012.4563, 395.88, 393.38, 396.24, 393.76, 395.88, 393.38
2012, 07, 41105, 2012.5383, 394.52, 393.75, 394.72, 393.98, 394.52, 393.75
2012, 08, 41136, 2012.6230, 392.54, 394.07, 392.64, 394.21, 392.54, 394.07
2012, 09, 41167, 2012.7077, 391.13, 394.57, 390.99, 394.45, 391.13, 394.57
2012, 10, 41197, 2012.7896, 391.01, 394.56, 391.15, 394.69, 391.01, 394.56
2012, 11, 41228, 2012.8743, 392.95, 395.17, 392.74, 394.93, 392.95, 395.17
2012, 12, 41258, 2012.9563, 394.33, 395.25, 394.27, 395.16, 394.33, 395.25
2013, 01, 41289, 2013.0411, 395.61, 395.56, 395.46, 395.40, 395.61, 395.56
2013, 02, 41320, 2013.1260, 396.85, 396.10, 396.38, 395.62, 396.85, 396.10
2013, 03, 41348, 2013.2027, 397.26, 395.74, 397.36, 395.82, 397.26, 395.74
2013, 04, 41379, 2013.2877, 398.35, 395.60, 398.81, 396.04, 398.35, 395.60
2013, 05, 41409, 2013.3699, 399.98, 396.63, 399.59, 396.24, 399.98, 396.63
2013, 06, 41440, 2013.4548, 398.87, 396.34, 398.95, 396.44, 398.87, 396.34
2013, 07, 41470, 2013.5370, 397.37, 396.56, 397.40, 396.63, 397.37, 396.56
2013, 08, 41501, 2013.6219, 395.41, 396.92, 395.28, 396.83, 395.41, 396.92
2013, 09, 41532, 2013.7068, 393.39, 396.84, 393.55, 397.01, 393.39, 396.84
2013, 10, 41562, 2013.7890, 393.70, 397.27, 393.64, 397.19, 393.70, 397.27
2013, 11, 41593, 2013.8740, 395.19, 397.43, 395.16, 397.37, 395.19, 397.43
2013, 12, 41623, 2013.9562, 396.82, 397.74, 396.65, 397.54, 396.82, 397.74
2014, 01, 41654, 2014.0411, 397.93, 397.88, 397.77, 397.71, 397.93, 397.88
2014, 02, 41685, 2014.1260, 398.10, 397.35, 398.64, 397.88, 398.10, 397.35
2014, 03, 41713, 2014.2027, 399.47, 397.94, 399.58, 398.03, 399.47, 397.94
2014, 04, 41744, 2014.2877, 401.33, 398.57, 400.98, 398.20, 401.33, 398.57
2014, 05, 41774, 2014.3699, 401.88, 398.52, 401.71, 398.36, 401.88, 398.52
2014, 06, 41805, 2014.4548, 401.31, 398.76, 401.04, 398.52, 401.31, 398.76
2014, 07, 41835, 2014.5370, 399.07, 398.26, 399.45, 398.67, 399.07, 398.26
2014, 08, 41866, 2014.6219, 397.21, 398.72, 397.28, 398.84, 397.21, 398.72
2014, 09, 41897, 2014.7068, 395.40, 398.86, 395.53, 399.00, 395.40, 398.86
2014, 10, 41927, 2014.7890, 395.65, 399.23, 395.60, 399.17, 395.65, 399.23
2014, 11, 41958, 2014.8740, 397.23, 399.47, 397.13, 399.35, 397.23, 399.47
2014, 12, 41988, 2014.9562, 398.79, 399.70, 398.62, 399.52, 398.79, 399.70
2015, 01, 42019, 2015.0411, 399.85, 399.81, 399.76, 399.70, 399.85, 399.81
2015, 02, 42050, 2015.1260, 400.31, 399.56, 400.65, 399.89, 400.31, 399.56
2015, 03, 42078, 2015.2027, 401.51, 399.98, 401.62, 400.07, 401.51, 399.98
2015, 04, 42109, 2015.2877, 403.45, 400.68, 403.07, 400.28, 403.45, 400.68
2015, 05, 42139, 2015.3699, 404.10, 400.73, 403.86, 400.49, 404.10, 400.73
2015, 06, 42170, 2015.4548, 402.88, 400.33, 403.25, 400.73, 402.88, 400.33
2015, 07, 42200, 2015.5370, 401.61, 400.80, 401.75, 400.97, 401.61, 400.80
2015, 08, 42231, 2015.6219, 399.00, 400.52, 399.69, 401.25, 399.00, 400.52
2015, 09, 42262, 2015.7068, 397.50, 400.96, 398.06, 401.55, 397.50, 400.96
2015, 10, 42292, 2015.7890, 398.28, 401.88, 398.27, 401.85, 398.28, 401.88
2015, 11, 42323, 2015.8740, 400.24, 402.49, 399.95, 402.17, 400.24, 402.49
2015, 12, 42353, 2015.9562, 401.89, 402.81, 401.58, 402.48, 401.89, 402.81
2016, 01, 42384, 2016.0410, 402.65, 402.60, 402.86, 402.80, 402.65, 402.60
2016, 02, 42415, 2016.1257, 404.16, 403.41, 403.87, 403.11, 404.16, 403.41
2016, 03, 42444, 2016.2049, 404.85, 403.29, 404.97, 403.39, 404.85, 403.29
2016, 04, 42475, 2016.2896, 407.57, 404.76, 406.49, 403.67, 407.57, 404.76
2016, 05, 42505, 2016.3716, 407.66, 404.28, 407.30, 403.92, 407.66, 404.28
2016, 06, 42536, 2016.4563, 407.00, 404.47, 406.67, 404.16, 407.00, 404.47
2016, 07, 42566, 2016.5383, 404.50, 403.72, 405.13, 404.38, 404.50, 403.72
2016, 08, 42597, 2016.6230, 402.24, 403.79, 403.01, 404.60, 402.24, 403.79
2016, 09, 42628, 2016.7077, 401.01, 404.50, 401.32, 404.83, 401.01, 404.50
2016, 10, 42658, 2016.7896, 401.50, 405.10, 401.45, 405.04, 401.50, 405.10
2016, 11, 42689, 2016.8743, 403.64, 405.89, 403.02, 405.25, 403.64, 405.89
2016, 12, 42719, 2016.9563, 404.55, 405.47, 404.54, 405.44, 404.55, 405.47
2017, 01, 42750, 2017.0411, 406.07, 406.03, 405.69, 405.63, 406.07, 406.03
2017, 02, 42781, 2017.1260, 406.64, 405.89, 406.58, 405.81, 406.64, 405.89
2017, 03, 42809, 2017.2027, 407.06, 405.52, 407.52, 405.97, 407.06, 405.52
2017, 04, 42840, 2017.2877, 408.95, 406.16, 408.94, 406.13, 408.95, 406.16
2017, 05, 42870, 2017.3699, 409.91, 406.52, 409.68, 406.29, 409.91, 406.52
2017, 06, 42901, 2017.4548, 409.12, 406.55, 408.99, 406.45, 409.12, 406.55
2017, 07, 42931, 2017.5370, 407.20, 406.38, 407.39, 406.61, 407.20, 406.38
2017, 08, 42962, 2017.6219, 405.24, 406.77, 405.20, 406.76, 405.24, 406.77
2017, 09, 42993, 2017.7068, 403.27, 406.76, 403.41, 406.92, 403.27, 406.76
2017, 10, 43023, 2017.7890, 403.64, 407.25, 403.47, 407.07, 403.64, 407.25
2017, 11, 43054, 2017.8740, 405.17, 407.43, 404.98, 407.22, 405.17, 407.43
2017, 12, 43084, 2017.9562, 406.75, 407.68, 406.46, 407.37, 406.75, 407.68
2018, 01, 43115, 2018.0411, 408.05, 408.00, 407.58, 407.52, 408.05, 408.00
2018, 02, 43146, 2018.1260, 408.34, 407.59, 408.44, 407.68, 408.34, 407.59
2018, 03, 43174, 2018.2027, 409.25, 407.71, 409.39, 407.82, 409.25, 407.71
2018, 04, 43205, 2018.2877, 410.30, 407.51, 410.82, 408.00, 410.30, 407.51
2018, 05, 43235, 2018.3699, 411.30, 407.90, 411.60, 408.20, 411.30, 407.90
2018, 06, 43266, 2018.4548, 410.88, 408.30, 410.97, 408.42, 410.88, 408.30
2018, 07, 43296, 2018.5370, 408.90, 408.08, 409.43, 408.65, 408.90, 408.08
2018, 08, 43327, 2018.6219, 407.10, 408.63, 407.33, 408.91, 407.10, 408.63
2018, 09, 43358, 2018.7068, 405.59, 409.09, 405.66, 409.18, 405.59, 409.09
2018, 10, 43388, 2018.7890, 405.99, 409.62, 405.83, 409.44, 405.99, 409.62
2018, 11, 43419, 2018.8740, 408.12, 410.39, 407.47, 409.72, 408.12, 410.39
2018, 12, 43449, 2018.9562, 409.23, 410.16, 409.07, 409.97, 409.23, 410.16
2019, 01, 43480, 2019.0411, 410.92, 410.87, 410.29, 410.23, 410.92, 410.87
2019, 02, 43511, 2019.1260, 411.66, 410.90, 411.24, 410.47, 411.66, 410.90
2019, 03, 43539, 2019.2027, 412.00, 410.45, 412.25, 410.68, 412.00, 410.45
2019, 04, 43570, 2019.2877, 413.52, 410.72, 413.73, 410.91, 413.52, 410.72
2019, 05, 43600, 2019.3699, 414.83, 411.42, 414.54, 411.13, 414.83, 411.42
2019, 06, 43631, 2019.4548, 413.96, 411.38, 413.91, 411.35, 413.96, 411.38
2019, 07, 43661, 2019.5370, 411.85, 411.03, 412.36, 411.57, 411.85, 411.03
2019, 08, 43692, 2019.6219, 410.08, 411.62, 410.23, 411.81, 410.08, 411.62
2019, 09, 43723, 2019.7068, 408.55, 412.06, 408.52, 412.05, 408.55, 412.06
2019, 10, 43753, 2019.7890, 408.43, 412.07, 408.67, 412.29, 408.43, 412.07
2019, 11, 43784, 2019.8740, 410.28, 412.56, 410.29, 412.54, 410.28, 412.56
2019, 12, 43814, 2019.9562, 411.85, 412.78, 411.88, 412.79, 411.85, 412.78
2020, 01, 43845, 2020.0410, 413.37, 413.33, 413.11, 413.05, 413.37, 413.33
2020, 02, 43876, 2020.1257, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99
2020, 03, 43905, 2020.2049, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99
2020, 04, 43936, 2020.2896, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99
2020, 05, 43966, 2020.3716, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99
2020, 06, 43997, 2020.4563, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99
2020, 07, 44027, 2020.5383, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99
2020, 08, 44058, 2020.6230, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99
2020, 09, 44089, 2020.7077, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99
2020, 10, 44119, 2020.7896, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99
2020, 11, 44150, 2020.8743, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99
2020, 12, 44180, 2020.9563, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99, -99.99
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