"A method that is easier to understand and does not make use of the sin function is based on the fact that if X~U(0,1), then $P[X^2+Y^2≤1]=\\pi/4$ (see [\"Montecarlo method\" on Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Carlo_method)). The following code uses this approach:"
"it is then straightforward to obtain a (not really good) approximation to $\\pi$ by counting how many times, on average, $X^2+Y^2$ is smaller than 1:"