"A method that is easier to understand and does not make use of the sin function is based on the\n",
"fact that if *X ∼ U(0, 1)* and *Y ∼ U(0, 1)*, then *P\\[X<sup>2</sup> + Y<sup>2</sup> ≤ 1\\] = π/4* (see [\"Monte Carlo method\" on Wikipedia)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Carlo_method). The following code uses this approach:"