Modif reproduction graphe (annotation_custom a la place de geom_curve + text sizing)

module3/exo3/exercice_fr.Rmd

@@ -90,95 +90,137 @@ p
 ```
 
 Nous pouvons maintenant ajouter la courbe et la surface correspondant aux salaires.  
+
+- Graphe de base : prix du blé + courbe salaire  
+*Note* : l'option `expand = FALSE` permet de supprimer les espaces entre les axes et le graphe. L'option `clip = "off` permettra par la suité d'ajouter des annotations à l'extérieur du graphe.  
 ```{r warning=FALSE}
-# Graphe de base : prix du blé + courbe salaire
 p <- p +
   geom_line(aes(y = wages), color = "firebrick", na.rm = TRUE, size = 2.5) +
-  geom_area(aes(y = wages), fill = "lightblue", na.rm = TRUE, alpha = 0.9)
+  geom_area(aes(y = wages), fill = "lightblue", na.rm = TRUE, alpha = 0.9) +
+  coord_cartesian(expand = FALSE, clip = "off")
 p
 ```
 
 
 On peut continuer à modifier ce graphe, pour se rapprocher au maximum de la représentation de William Fairplay.  
-***Note*** *: on ajoute volontairement un espace supplémentaire sur la partie supérieure du graphe (au-delà de la valeur y = 100) afin de produire par la suite les indications concernant les siècles.  *
+
+- Modification des axes 
 ```{r warning=FALSE}
-# Modification des axes 
 p <- p +
-  #geom_segment(aes(xend = year, y = 0, yend = wheat), linetype = "dotted", color = "black") +
-  scale_x_continuous(expand = expansion(add = c(0, 0)), 
+  scale_x_continuous(limits = c(1565, 1830), 
                      breaks = c(1565, seq(1600, 1800, by = 50), 1830),
                      minor_breaks = seq(1565, 1830, by = 5),
-                     name = "5 Years each division") +
-  scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0, 0), limits = c(0, 109), breaks = seq(0, 100, by = 10), name = "",
+                     name = "") +
+  scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0, 100), 
+                     breaks = seq(0, 100, by = 10), 
+                     name = "",
                      sec.axis = sec_axis(~., name = "Price of the Quarter of Wheat in Shillings",
                                          breaks = seq(0, 100, by = 10)))
 p
 ```
 
+- Modification de l'arrière-plan et de la police
 ```{r warning=FALSE}
-# Modification de l'arrière-plan et de la police
 p <- p +
   theme(panel.background = element_blank(),
         panel.grid.major = element_line(colour = "grey25", size = 0.8),
         panel.grid.minor = element_line(colour = "grey25", size = 0.3),
         text = element_text(family = "NewCenturySchoolbook", face = "italic"),
-        axis.title.x = element_text(hjust = 0.2, vjust = 1, size = 8),
+        axis.text = element_text(size = 7),
         axis.title.y.right = element_text(angle = 90, size = 8))
 p
 ```
 
+- Ajout du titre et des annotations dans le graphe
 ```{r warning=FALSE}
-# Ajout du titre dans le graphe et des annotations
 p <- p +
   annotate(geom = "label", x = 1650, y = 70, 
            label = "CHART,\n Showing at One View\nThe Price of the Quater of Wheat,\n& Wages of Labour by the Week,\nfrom The Year 1565 to 1821,\nby William Playfair.", 
            fontface = "bold.italic", size = 3.5, family = "NewCenturySchoolbook",
            label.r = unit(3, "lines")) +
-  annotate(geom = "text", x = c(1635, 1748), y = c(9, 18), label = "Weekly Wages of a Good Mechanic",
-           size = 2.7, angle = c(2, 10), family = "NewCenturySchoolbook")
+  annotate(geom = "text", x = c(1635, 1748), y = c(9, 18), label = "Weekly Wages of a Good Mechanic", 
+           fontface = "italic", size = 2.7, angle = c(2, 10), family = "NewCenturySchoolbook")
 p
 ```
 
 Pour la frise chronologique des rois et reines, nous allons utiliser les données disponibles [ici](https://mbostock.github.io/protovis/ex/wheat.js), et formattées au format CSV.  
-```{r message=FALSE, warning=FALSE}
+```{r message=FALSE}
 # Fichier des rois et reines
 wheat_monarchs <- read_csv("wheat_monarchs.csv")
 wheat_monarchs %>% 
   kable(format = "html", escape = FALSE, align ="c") %>% 
   kable_styling(bootstrap_options = "striped", full_width = FALSE, position = "left")
+```
 
-# Ajout frise chronologique des rois et reines
+- Ajout frise chronologique des rois et reines
+```{r warning=FALSE}
 p <- p +
   # rois/reines sur la barre supérieure
   geom_rect(data = wheat_monarchs %>% filter(row_number() %% 2 == 1, is.na(commonwealth)), aes(xmin = start, xmax = end, ymin = 97, ymax = 98), inherit.aes = FALSE) +
-  geom_text(data = wheat_monarchs %>% filter(row_number() %% 2 == 1, is.na(commonwealth)), aes(x = start + (end -start) / 2,y = 96, label = name), size = 3, family = "NewCenturySchoolbook", fontface = "italic") +
+  geom_text(data = wheat_monarchs %>% filter(row_number() %% 2 == 1, is.na(commonwealth)), aes(x = start + (end -start) / 2, y = 96, label = name), size = 2, family = "NewCenturySchoolbook", fontface = "italic") +
   # rois/reines sur la barre inférieure
   geom_rect(data = wheat_monarchs %>% filter(row_number() %% 2 == 0, is.na(commonwealth)), aes(xmin = start, xmax = end, ymin = 96, ymax = 97), inherit.aes = FALSE) +
-  geom_text(data = wheat_monarchs %>% filter(row_number() %% 2 == 0, is.na(commonwealth)), aes(x = start + (end -start) / 2,y = 95, label = name), size = 3, family = "NewCenturySchoolbook", fontface = "italic") +
+  geom_text(data = wheat_monarchs %>% filter(row_number() %% 2 == 0, is.na(commonwealth)), aes(x = start + (end -start) / 2, y = 95, label = name), size = 2, family = "NewCenturySchoolbook", fontface = "italic") +
   # cas particulier de Cromwell
   geom_rect(data = wheat_monarchs %>% filter(commonwealth), aes(xmin = start, xmax = end, ymin = 97, ymax = 98), inherit.aes = FALSE, fill = "white", color = "black") +
-  geom_text(data = wheat_monarchs %>% filter(commonwealth), aes(x = start + (end -start) / 2,y = 96, label = name), size = 3, family = "NewCenturySchoolbook", fontface = "italic")
+  geom_text(data = wheat_monarchs %>% filter(commonwealth), aes(x = start + (end -start) / 2, y = 96, label = name), size = 2, family = "NewCenturySchoolbook", fontface = "italic")
 p
 ```
 
+- Ajout des annotations en bas et à droite du graphe.  
+**Note** : en utilisant `annotation_custom`, on doit également modifier les marges autour du graphe.  
 ```{r warning=FALSE}
-# Ajout des siècles
-p +
-  geom_rect(aes(xmin = 1565.5, xmax = 1829.5, ymin = 100, ymax = 109), fill = "white") +
-  annotate(geom = "text", 
-           x = c(1580, 1650, 1750, 1820), y = 101.5, 
-           label = c("16th Century", "17th Century", "18th Century", "19th Century"),
-           size = 2.7, family = "NewCenturySchoolbook") +
-  geom_curve(aes(x = 1565, y = 105, xend = 1600, yend = 100), curvature = -0.1, size = 1) +
-  geom_curve(aes(x = 1600, y = 100, xend = 1700, yend = 100), curvature = -0.17, size = 1) +
-  geom_curve(aes(x = 1700, y = 100, xend = 1800, yend = 100), curvature = -0.17, size = 1) +
-  geom_curve(aes(x = 1800, y = 100, xend = 1830, yend = 105), curvature = -0.1, size = 1) +
-  annotate(geom = "text", x = 1700, y = 104, label = "N°1",
-           size = 4, family = "NewCenturySchoolbook", fontface = "bold")
-```
+p <- p +
+  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(1.2,0.8,0.5,0), units = "cm")) +
+  annotation_custom(grob = grid::textGrob(label = "shillings",
+                                          gp = grid::gpar(fontsize = 8, fontface = "italic", fontfamily = "NewCenturySchoolbook")),
+                    xmin = 1844, xmax = 1844, ymin = 100, ymax = 100) + 
+  annotation_custom(grob = grid::textGrob(label = "shillings",
+                                          gp = grid::gpar(fontsize = 8, fontface = "italic", fontfamily = "NewCenturySchoolbook")),
+                    xmin = 1841, xmax = 1841, ymin = 0, ymax = 0) +
+  annotation_custom(grob = grid::textGrob(label = "5 Years each division",
+                                          gp = grid::gpar(fontsize = 8, fontface = "italic", fontfamily = "NewCenturySchoolbook")),
+                    xmin = 1650, xmax = 1650, ymin = -5, ymax = -5) +
+  annotation_custom(grob = grid::textGrob(label = "5 Years each division",
+                                          gp = grid::gpar(fontsize = 8, fontface = "italic", fontfamily = "NewCenturySchoolbook")),
+                    xmin = 1785, xmax = 1785, ymin = -5, ymax = -5)
 
-Ces différentes étapes permettent d'obtenir un graphique assez proche de celui de William Playfair.  
+p
+```
 
+- Enfin, ajout des annonations en haut du graphe.
+```{r warning=FALSE}
+p <- p +
+  annotation_custom(grob = grid::textGrob(label = "16th Century",
+                                          gp = grid::gpar(fontsize = 8, fontfamily = "NewCenturySchoolbook")),
+                    xmin = 1577, xmax = 1577, ymin = 102.5, ymax = 102.5) +
+  annotation_custom(grob = grid::textGrob(label = "17th Century",
+                                          gp = grid::gpar(fontsize = 8, fontfamily = "NewCenturySchoolbook")),
+                    xmin = 1650, xmax = 1650, ymin = 102.5, ymax = 102.5) +
+  annotation_custom(grob = grid::textGrob(label = "18th Century",
+                                          gp = grid::gpar(fontsize = 8, fontfamily = "NewCenturySchoolbook")),
+                    xmin = 1750, xmax = 1750, ymin = 102.5, ymax = 102.5) +
+  annotation_custom(grob = grid::textGrob(label = "19th Century",
+                                          gp = grid::gpar(fontsize = 8, fontfamily = "NewCenturySchoolbook")),
+                    xmin = 1820, xmax = 1820, ymin = 102.5, ymax = 102.5) +
+  annotation_custom(grob = grid::curveGrob(x1 = 0, y1 = 1, x2 = 1, y2 = 0, curvature = -0.12, square = FALSE, ncp = 20,
+                                          gp = grid::gpar(col = "black", lwd = 3)),
+                    xmin = 1565, xmax = 1600, ymin = 105, ymax = 100) +
+  annotation_custom(grob = grid::curveGrob(x1 = 0, y1 = 0, x2 = 1, y2 = 1, curvature = -0.15, square = FALSE, ncp = 20,
+                                          gp = grid::gpar(col = "black", lwd = 3)),
+                    xmin = 1600, xmax = 1700, ymin = 100, ymax = 100) +
+  annotation_custom(grob = grid::curveGrob(x1 = 0, y1 = 0, x2 = 1, y2 = 1, curvature = -0.15, square = FALSE, ncp = 20,
+                                          gp = grid::gpar(col = "black", lwd = 3)),
+                    xmin = 1700, xmax = 1800, ymin = 100, ymax = 100) +
+  annotation_custom(grob = grid::curveGrob(x1 = 0, y1 = 0, x2 = 1, y2 = 1, curvature = -0.12, square = FALSE, ncp = 20,
+                                          gp = grid::gpar(col = "black", lwd = 3)),
+                    xmin = 1800, xmax = 1830, ymin = 100, ymax = 105) +
+  annotation_custom(grob = grid::textGrob(label = "N°1",
+                                          gp = grid::gpar(fontsize = 11, fontfamily = "NewCenturySchoolbook", fontface = "bold")),
+                    xmin = 1700, xmax = 1700, ymin = 104, ymax = 104) 
 
+p
+```
 
 
+Ces différentes étapes permettent d'obtenir un graphique assez proche de celui de William Playfair.