"A method that is easier to understand and does not make use of the sin function is based on the fact that if X ∼ U(0, 1) and Y ∼ U(0, 1), then $P[X^2 + Y^2 ≤ 1]$ = π/4 (see \"[Monte Carlo method\"\n",
"on Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Carlo_method)). The following code uses this approach:"
"It is then straightforward to obtain a (not really good) approximation to $\\pi$ by counting how many times, on average, $X^2 + Y^2$ is smaller than 1:"
