"A method that is easier to understand and does not make use of the sin function is based on the fact that if $X \\sim U(0,1)$ and $Y \\sim U(0,1)$, then $P\\left[X^2 + Y^2 \\leq \\right] = \\pi/4$ (see [\"Monte Carlo method\" on Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Carlo_method)). The following code uses this approach:"
"It is then straightforward to obtain a (not really good) approximation to $\\pi$ by counting how many times, on average, $X^2 + Y^2$ is smaller than 1:"
