Update toy_document_en.Rmd

module2/exo1/toy_document_en.Rmd

@@ -4,13 +4,20 @@ author: "Arnaud Legrand"
 date: "25 juin 2018"
 output: html_document
 ---
+
+```{r setup, include=FALSE}	
+knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)	
+```
+
 ## Asking the maths library
 My computer tells me that $\pi$ is *approximatively*
+
 ```{r}
 pi
 ```
 ## Buffon's needle
 Applying the method of [Buffon's needle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffon%27s_needle_problem), we get the __approximation__
+
 ```{r}
 set.seed(42)
 N = 100000
@@ -20,6 +27,7 @@ theta = pi/2*runif(N)
 ```
 ## Using a surface fraction argument
 A method that is easier to understand and does not make use of the sin function is based on the fact that if $X\sim U(0,1)$ and $Y\sim U(0,1)$, then $P[X^2+Y^2\leq 1] = \pi/4$ (see ["Monte Carlo method" on Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Carlo_method)). The following code uses this approach:
+
 ```{r}
 set.seed(42)
 N = 1000
@@ -29,6 +37,7 @@ library(ggplot2)
 ggplot(df, aes(x=X,y=Y,color=Accept)) + geom_point(alpha=.2) + coord_fixed() + theme_bw()
 ```
 It is then straightforward to obtain a (not really good) approximation to $\pi$ by counting how many times, on average, $X^2 + Y^2$ is smaller than 1 :
+
 ```{r}
 4*mean(df$Accept)
 ```