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Solution Sujet 2 proposée par Paul Faye

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module3/exo3/Wheat.csv 0 → 100644
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"","Year","Wheat","Wages"
"1",1565,41,5
"2",1570,45,5.05
"3",1575,42,5.08
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"6",1590,47,5.25
"7",1595,64,5.54
"8",1600,27,5.61
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"13",1625,33,6.12
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"15",1635,33,6.3
"16",1640,39,6.37
"17",1645,53,6.45
"18",1650,42,6.5
"19",1655,40.5,6.6
"20",1660,46.5,6.75
"21",1665,32,6.8
"22",1670,37,6.9
"23",1675,43,7
"24",1680,35,7.3
"25",1685,27,7.6
"26",1690,40,8
"27",1695,50,8.5
"28",1700,30,9
"29",1705,32,10
"30",1710,44,11
"31",1715,33,11.75
"32",1720,29,12.5
"33",1725,39,13
"34",1730,26,13.3
"35",1735,32,13.6
"36",1740,27,14
"37",1745,27.5,14.5
"38",1750,31,15
"39",1755,35.5,15.7
"40",1760,31,16.5
"41",1765,43,17.6
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"43",1775,44,19.5
"44",1780,46,21
"45",1785,42,23
"46",1790,47.5,25.5
"47",1795,76,27.5
"48",1800,79,28.5
"49",1805,81,29.5
"50",1810,99,30
"51",1815,78,NA
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"53",1821,54,NA
\ No newline at end of file
module3/exo3/exercice_fr.Rmd
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---
title: "Votre titre"
author: "Votre nom"
date: "La date du jour"
output: html_document
title: "Evaluation par les pairs"
author: "Paul Faye"
date: "05 Juin 2021"
output: pdf_document
---
# Le pouvoir d'achat des ouvriers anglais du XVIe au XIXe siècle
```{r setup, include=FALSE}
knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
# J'indique mon répertoire de travail
setwd("C:/Users/Paul Faye/Desktop/MOOC-RR/module3/exo3")
```
### Importation des bibliothèques nécessaires
```{r}
library(ggplot2)
library(stringr)
library(tseries)
```
### Importation des données nécessaires
```{r}
# Importation des données
data = read.csv("Wheat.csv", header=T)
# Supprimer la colonne d'indexation
data$X =NULL
# Un peu de statistiques descriptives
summary(data)
```
1. Reproduction du graphique de Playfair
## Quelques explications
```{r warning=FALSE}
ggplot(data = data) +
geom_bar(aes(x = Year, y = Wheat), stat="identity", width=5, fill = "white", color="steelblue") +
xlab("Year")+
ylab("shillings") +
geom_area(aes(x =Year, y = Wages), color="red",fill="lightblue")+
theme(
axis.title.y = element_text(color = "blue"),
axis.title.y.right = element_text(color = "blue"))
Ceci est un document R markdown que vous pouvez aisément exporter au format HTML, PDF, et MS Word. Pour plus de détails sur R Markdown consultez <http://rmarkdown.rstudio.com>.
```
2. Amélioration du graphique avec une ordonnée pour chaque variable quantitative
Lorsque vous cliquerez sur le bouton **Knit** ce document sera compilé afin de ré-exécuter le code R et d'inclure les résultats dans un document final. Comme nous vous l'avons montré dans la vidéo, on inclue du code R de la façon suivante:
```{r cars}
summary(cars)
```{r warning=FALSE}
ggplot(data= data) +
geom_bar(aes(x = Year, y = Wheat), stat="identity", width=5, fill = "white", color="steelblue") +
xlab("Year")+
ylab("shillings par quart de boisseau de blé") +
geom_area(aes(x =Year, y = Wages), color="red",fill="lightblue")+
ggtitle("Evolution du prix du blé et du salaire moyen de 1965 à 1821") +
scale_y_continuous(sec.axis = sec_axis(~., name = "shillings par semaine"))+
theme(
axis.title.y = element_text(color = "blue"),
axis.title.y.right = element_text(color = "red"))
#scale_y_continuous(sec.axis = sec_axis(~.*, name = ""))+
```
3. Représentation de l'évolution du pouvoir d'achat
```{r warning=FALSE}
Et on peut aussi aisément inclure des figures. Par exemple:
# Le pouvoir d'achat est défini comme la quantité de blé qu'un ouvrier peut acheter avec son salaire hebdomadaire.
data$PA= data$Wages / data$Wheat
```{r pressure, echo=FALSE}
plot(pressure)
# Evolution du pouvoir d'achat
ggplot(data= data) +
xlab("Year")+
ylab("Pouvoir d'achat (PA)") +
geom_area(aes(x =Year, y = PA), color="purple",fill=NA)+
ggtitle("Evolution du pouvoir d'achat de 1965 à 1821") +
theme(
axis.title.y = element_text(color = "purple"))
```
Vous remarquerez le paramètre `echo = FALSE` qui indique que le code ne doit pas apparaître dans la version finale du document. Nous vous recommandons dans le cadre de ce MOOC de ne pas utiliser ce paramètre car l'objectif est que vos analyses de données soient parfaitement transparentes pour être reproductibles.
3. b) Graphique du prix du blé et du salaire : On montre l'augmentation dans le temps du pouvoir d'achat
Comme les résultats ne sont pas stockés dans les fichiers Rmd, pour faciliter la relecture de vos analyses par d'autres personnes, vous aurez donc intérêt à générer un HTML ou un PDF et à le commiter.
```{r warning=FALSE}
# On enlève les 3 dernières observations pour lesquelles nous n'avons pas le salaire et par conséquent le pouvoir d'achat
plot.ts(data[1:50,2:4], main= "Evolution au cours du temps")
```
Le pouvoir d'achat a une tendance haussière au cours du temps. Il faut cependant noter quelques périodes d'instabilité, ou elle s'inverse (baisse).
Maintenant, à vous de jouer! Vous pouvez effacer toutes ces informations et les remplacer par votre document computationnel.
module3/exo3/exercice_fr.aux 0 → 100644
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