A method that is easier to understand and does not make use of the =sin= function is based on the fact that if $X \sim U(0,1)$ and $Y \sim U(0,1)$, then $P[X^2 + Y^2 \leq 1] = \pi/4$ (see [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Carlo_method]["Monte Carlo method" on Wikipedia]]). The following code uses this approach:
A method that is easier to understand and does not make use of the $\sin$ function is based on the fact that if $X \sim U(0,1)$ and $Y \sim U(0,1)$, then $P[X^2 + Y^2 \leq 1] = \pi/4$ (see [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Carlo_method]["Monte Carlo method" on Wikipedia]]). The following code uses this approach: